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基于多模态理论剖析黑人英语  
Chapter 1 General Introduction               
1.1 Historical Background                
African American Vernacular English (AAVE) is a non-standard dialect used by a large number of African Americans. It is the most important an amorphosis in American English, and it stands a very important status both in intercommunicative practice and
literature creation.
There are probably two kinds  of view about AAVE's  origins:  the Anglicist hypothesis and the Creolist hypothesis. Anglicist hypothesis holds that AAVE is a language variety distinct from the English spoken by the white people, and so the grammar of AAVE and Standard American English are the same excluding some phonics and syntax differences. The second view thinks that AAVE comes from Creole.
Pidgin English was produced by the communication of African American slaves in America. Then it creolized in the first language acquisition by the second and third generations. Gradually, it is more and more decreolized because of the influence of the Standard English (SE),  and finally it becomes a particular English variety.  The supporters of this view think that the differences between AAVE and SE are in the basic syntax. The questions about AAVE's origin are still under discussion and the linguists are involved in the comparison of pronunciation, vocabulary, syntax, grammar, etc. between AAVE and SE. Whatever it takes, it is widely attested that English as a global language has spread across the world. Likewise, the global spread of Hip-Hop culture is also widely attested.
From Bozza (2003), Hip-Hop "is and always will be a culture of the African American minority... an international language, a style that connects and defines the self-image of countless teenagers". And Perry (2004) considered that "Black American Music, as a commercial American product, is exported globally. Its signifying creates a subaltern voice in the midst of the imperialist exportation of culture".
As the cooperation of many social object factors especially the globalization of Hip-Hop culture, AAVE is more and more popular in the popular culture and among young people. There are many discussions among linguists about the development of AAVE and its influence. At the same time, it brings problems to English teaching in the world. As English is most worldwide-used language and the first language of the international network nowadays, but AAVE as an English variety is prevalent among the youth, what should the English teachers teach?

Bibliography
Alim, H.  Samy,&Alastair Pennycook. 2007.  Glocal Linguistic Flows:  Hip-Hop  Identities, and the Politics of Language Education. Journal可Language, Identity, and Culture(s),Education,  6(2)Alim,89-91.
H. Samy. 2007. Critical Hip-Hop Language Pedagogies: Combat, Consciousness, https://www.51lunwen.org/usa/ and the Cultureal Politics of Communication. Journal of Language, Identity,  and Education,  6(2):  163一164.
Bozza, A. 2003. Whatever You Say I Am: The Life and Times of Eminem. In Alastatir Pennycook. 2007. Language, Localization, and the Real: Hip-Hop and the Global Spread of Authenticity. Journal ofLanguage, Identity, and Education.
Brown& Yule. 1983. Discourse Ana恤is. Cambridge: CUP.
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