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s a drawback that makes them unfit as a replacement for biofuels. The expenditure of energy is more than the output obtained in the form of biodiesel or bio ethanol. The expenditure of energy starts right from the cultivation of the crops and energy is consumed in reaping and dispensation of the biomass. The portion of energy that is used in the processing units is small as compared to the energy used in the production of the biomass. Both the researches have yielded similar results but the Van Der Laaka et al., (2007) have discussed several reasons for the inefficiency of first generation biofuels.

The studies on biofuels by McLaren, (2005) publicized that the inefficiency problem may be assuaged by biotechnological research on biofuels. Researches on biotechnological aspects of the corn and it genetic management in USA have resulted in considerable enhancement of the biofuel yields. The researcher also concluded that further gene manipulation of these crops can increase the production of biofuels with the passage of time.

The comparison of the above three researches show that despite exertions in the production and efficiency of biofuels, these fuels are highly regarded as the alternate for fossil fuels that are believed to run out in the near future. The technology and new production techniques can bring innovation in the production technology of crops and manufacturing of the biofuels to make it more profitable for business organizations as well as the consumers.

2.3 Second generation of biofuels

Due to food security concerns the trend of biofuel production shifted from food crops to feed stocks that are not conventionally used as food sources. The development of second generation biofuels has expunged the peril of famines in emergent countries. Secondly it has also expunged the risk of rise in food prices due to their augmented use in the biofuel industry in India. There are copious other merits that are associated with production as well as exploitation of second generation biofuels.

Deurwaader (2005) conducted investigation on environmental hazards of biofuels and discovered that they produce less green house gases and are friendlier as compared to the first generation of biofuels. About the advantages and future prospect of biofuels Detchon et al., (2005) argues that these fuels will be produced at lessened costs with the passage of time and introduction of new technologies and crops for their production. Abundance of choices in feed stock crops is also an important benefit of second generation of these fuels.

The waste of fiber associated with the first generation of these fuels is reduced to great extent due to utilization of vast variety of feedstock crops and development of second generation fabrication processes.

Novel modes of biofuel production include two different processes, one is the conversion of cellulose into bioethanol that is investigated for efficiency and cost effectiveness by Foyle et al., (2006) and second process is studied by Von Blottnitz and Curran (2007). The ultimate product in the first process is known as lignocellulosic bio-ethanol. The second process is more complicated and requires本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。