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论文作者:www.51lunwen.org论文属性:作业 Assignment登出时间:2013-10-02编辑:yangcheng点击率:4164
论文字数:1455论文编号:org201309301030549221语种:英语 English地区:中国价格:免费论文
摘要:作为一项法律制度,公司法人制度只是一项法律拟制,在实际社会生活中仍然依赖自然人,因此,股东滥用公司独立人格,损害第三人利益和社会利益的情形时有发生。这是的公司已经不是原本意义上的公司,而是股东依照自己的控制意志实施违法行为的,逃避债务,规避法律的工具,造成公司人格的异化,打破了公司法人制度在股东和公司债权人之间建立的利益平衡,因而在根本上破坏了公司法人制度的基本原则。
作为推动世界经济发展的重要助力,公司法人制度乃是一项重要的发明。它赋予公司人格独立和股东承担有限责任的权利,降低了股东的投资风险,使股东的利益有了比较稳定的安全保障,但是它同时也要求公司股东能够遵守法律法规的秩序,坚持与公司分离的原则,以保证公司人格的独立。
Promote world economic development as an important boost, but a corporate system of important inventions . It gives the company independent personality and limited liability of shareholders ' rights and reduce the shareholders' investment risk, make the interests of shareholders with relatively stable security, but it also requires the Company to comply with laws and regulations of the order, the company adhere to separation principle, in order to ensure the independence of corporate personality . However, as a legal system, the system is only one corporate legal fiction , in real social life is still dependent on natural persons, therefore , independent personality misuse of company shareholders and damage the interests of the third party interests and social situations have occurred. This is the company has not had the sense of company, but the will of the shareholders in accordance with the implementation of its own control violations , evading debts , a tool to circumvent the law , resulting in the alienation of corporate personality , breaking the corporate system of the shareholders and creditors of the company established between the interests of balance, and therefore fundamentally undermines the basic principles of the corporate system .
各国在司法实践中,股东违反法定或约定义务,滥用公司独立人格,适用公司人格否认规则的情形主要包括:
States in the judicial practice, shareholders breach of statutory or contractual obligation , misuse of company independent personality , the rules applicable to the case of corporate personality denial include:1, the company's capital was inadequate.
股东的虚假出资,使公司资本不实,情况有2种,一是投资人不按出资协议出资或出资不足,虚报出资,以欺诈手段骗取公司登记;二是投资人在公司依法成立后非法抽回全部或部分投资,使公司资本不足。虚假出资使公司资本不足,空壳运作,不具备正常经营和独立承担责任的能力,在实质上已经构成了对公司债权人的欺诈。
Shareholders false investment , the company capital is not real, there are two kinds of situations , one investor is not funded or funded by inadequate funding agreements , false funded by fraudulent means to obtain the company registration ; second is to invest in the company after the illegal pumping legally established all or part of the investment , the company undercapitalized . False funded the company undercapitalized shell operation , normal operation and does not have the ability to independently bear responsibility , in essence, has constituted a fraud on the creditors of the company .