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nsacking of playhouses and their forcible demolition, and the jailing of theatre people. But these very records show that the Puritans had not succeeded in destroying theatrical activity. (Roberts 228)

With the accession of Queen Anne in 1702, drama was again a target of criticism since Queen Anne 'was completely disinterested in the arts, literature, and theatre' (Roberts 250). The beginning of the reign of Queen Anne in 1702 '. . . marked the final withdrawal of court interest in drama' Thus English theatre was no longer for the court but 'the property of citizens (Roberts 252). The Age of Reason valued science, logic, and rationality; denied emotionalism and wanted an ordered society. In the area of literature, authors declared their independence of patrons, and writing became a form of earning one's living. Prices for theatres were higher than today, and considerably higher than under Elizabeth I. Since drama became a commercial field, there had been innovations on the theatre buildings as well as stage props and costumes of the actors.

In the political turmoil of the nineteenth century in Europe, drama was sometimes abused. The ruling classes tended to use theatre as a propaganda instrument during the French Revolution (Roberts 350). In the twentieth century, on the other hand, drama consisted of realist settings true to life. The growing popularity of the motion picture affected drama. Soon radio and television increased in popularity, which foreshadowed the possible end of live theatre; yet it did not end.

Despite all the attacks and difficulties, theatre has always been alive. It has survived since the fifth century B.C. In its long history, theatre has always had rivals. However it has never been defeated; on the contrary, it has accomplished glorification. Theatre is not only an important part of a particular society that is depicted in plays; it is also the most human form of art that has ever existed.

参考文献-BIBLIOGRAPHY

•Nicoll, Allardyce. A History of Restoration Drama 1660-1700. England, Cambridge University Pres: 1923.
•Roberts, Vera Mowry. On Stage a History of Theatre. New York, Harper & Row: 1962.
•Schelling, Felix E. Elizabethan Drama, 1558-1642: A History of the Drama in England from the Acession of Queen Elizabeth to the Closing of the Theaters. Volume II. Boston, Houghton Mifflin Company: 1908.
•Sirico Jr, Louis J. 'The Trial of Charles I: A Sesquitricentennial Reflection.' Constitutional Commentary. Volume: 16: 1999.
•Thorndike, Ashley H. Tragedy. Boston, Houghton Mifflin: 1908.
•Wells, Henry W. Elizabethan and Jacobean Playwrights. New York, Columbia University Press: 1939.
1.http:en/wikipedia.org/wiki/Drama
2.A Christian sacrament immortalizing the Last Supper by giving bread and wine
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