El-Said.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical
References and index.
ISBN 0-89629-720-9 (alk. paper)
1. AgricultureEconomic aspectsMathematical models. 2. Food supply
Mathematical models. 3. Equilibrium (
Economics)Mathematical
models. I. Harris, Rebecca Lee, 1969- II. Robinson, Sherman. III.
Title.
HD1415 .L64 2002
338.1’01’51dc21 2002152627
iii
CONTENTS
Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .iv
Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .v
Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .vi
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
2. The Social
Accounting Matrix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
3. Overview of the Standard CGE Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
Institutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10
Commodity Markets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
Macroeconomic Balances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
4. Mathematical Model Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
Price Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
Production and Trade Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
Institution Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
System Constraint Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
5. The Standard Model in GAMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42
Appendix A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46
Appendix B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68
TABLES
1. The Basic SAM structure used in the CGE model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
2. Standard SAM for Zimbabwe, 1991 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
3. Alternative closure rules for macrosystem constraints . . . . . . . . . . .13
4. Notational principles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
5. File structure in GAMS standard CGE modeling system . . . . . . . . .43
iv
FIGURES
1. Production technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
2. Flows of marketed commodities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
3. The structure of GAMS model and data files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44
v
PREFACE
Over the past decade, the increasing power and reliability of microcomputers
and the development of sophisticated software designed specifically
for use with them has led to significant changes in the way quantitative
food policy analysis is conducted. These changes cover most aspects of the
analysis, ranging from the collections and analysis of socioeconomic data
to the conduct of model-based policy simulations. The v
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