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Ppp模式的潜力

文摘: 公共-私人伙伴关系 （PPP） 是印度在过去十年中出现的最突出的城市住房政策。本文研究了在艾哈迈达巴德市的城市贫民，在市场力量与低收入人的需求之间的实现一种平衡的经济适用住房的 PPP 模式的潜力。在性能水平方面,联合部门汇集了私营部门在生产技术和营销技能的效率，以及公共部门的问责制和公正。然而,尽管在操作层面进行了一些改革的尝试,但是主要的瓶颈包括过时的立法,还有高市政税、印花税、土地收购和鼓励措施。住房PPP模式下生产日期是微不足道的数字，对这种伙伴关系长期成功的可能性发表评论还为时过早。然而,考虑到巨大的住房量的不足, 城市中高比例的低收入群体以及监管改革步伐缓慢,人们认为未来的成功是取决于低收入社区的，这其中也包括艾哈迈达巴德主要部分的人口。

The Potentialities Of A Ppp Model Economics Essay

Abstract: Public–private partnership (PPP) is the most prominent urban housing policy that has emerged in the last decade in India. This paper investigates the potentialities of a PPP model for affordable housing to urban poor in Ahmedabad city to achieve a balance between market forces and the needs of the low-income people. At the performance level, the joint sector brings together the efficiency in production and technical and Marketing expertise of the private sector with the accountability and righteousness of the public sector. However, and despite some reform attempts, at the operational level, major bottlenecks are identified including antiquated legislation, besides high municipal taxes, stamp duties, land acquisition and incentives. Housing production under the PPP model to date is minuscule in terms of numbers. It is still early to comment on the likely long-term success of such partnerships. However, given the huge housing stock deficiency, high proportion of low-income groups in the city and slow pace of regulatory reforms, it is argued that future success is contingent upon the inclusion of low-income communities, which comprise a major portion of the population of Ahmedabad.

INTRODUCTION:-

India’s population has already crossed a mark of 1 billion and it is estimated that by the year 2021, 350 million people will be added with further concentration of population in urban center up to 12 percent. The population of Ahmedabad according to census 2011 is 72, 08, 200 and it is estimated that by the year 2021 it will reach 89, 30, 959 at the current growth rate of 23.91%. According to census 2011, 30,737 rural families reside in Ahmedabad and 5.41% of them (i.e. 1663 families) live below poverty line. 4, 40, 000 people live in slums. Recently under the EWS Yojana the government of Gujarat has provided 3080 housing schemes with an area of 27.54 sq.meter and 5088 housing schemes with an area of 33.15 sq.meter at a minimum range of Rs. 1, 05, 000 and Rs. 1, 26, 000 respectively in the city of Ahmedabad. Still there exists a lack of basic infrastructure facilities in present housing stock and the shortfall indicates chronic shortage of dwelling units with basic needs. To sustain this demographic trend, the magnitude of infrastructure investment required is phenomenal, necessitating resource pooling from all sources, including the private sector.

With the accent on enabling policies for housing development, PPP has been widely advocated for housing and infrastructure development in India as part of recent housing reforms. The National Housing Policy (NHP) in 1994 marked a significant transition in the government’s position. Also the Government of India’s National Housing and Habitat Policy (1998) emphasized the twin policy thrusts of simultaneously enhancing and changing the roles of the public and private sectors. It advocated increased participation by the private sector and emphasized government’s role in creating conditions to boost housing sup本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。