英语论文网

South and North Korea continued to experience turbulence, greatly affected by the rapidly shifting international environment. Amid uncertainty and confusion, the South-North Korean relationship entered a new phase in the mid-1980s when the communist states began advocating reform and openness.

Notwithstanding the rapidly changing world order, the South Korean government overcame the unprecedented challenges by taking appropriate measures, adopting a new formula for achieving national unification, officially known as the 'Korean National Community Formula' in September, 1989. The formula was established under a framework that principally promotes independence, democracy and peace. The South Korean government attempted to achieve national unification through exchanges and cooperation.

Shortly after the adoption of the new formula, the South Korean government enacted the Inter-Korean Exchange and Cooperation Act and forged the Inter-Korean Cooperation Fund.

South Korea joined the United Nations in August of 1991 along with North Korea, entertaining high hopes for reconciliation in the early 1990s.  The mood of reconciliation, however, soon came to an end when North Korea provoked the first nuclear crisis by withdrawing from the NPT in 1993. At the time, South and North Korea were pursuing an inter-Korean summit meant to take place in 1994. The heightened hopes for the summit, however, crumbled to dust by the sudden death of Kim Ilsung.

Relations between South and North Korea rapidly deteriorated and remained in a deadlock over the next few years. During this time, North Korea faced a dire famine, barely eking out a living. In the late 1990s, the South Korean government promoted various exchanges and cooperation projects with North Korea, increasing humanitarian assistance under the principle that political and economic matters are two separate issues. On June 15, the first summit between the leaders of the two Koreas took place and it served as an impetus of the increase in the South-North exchanges and cooperation

As a result, South and North Korea were able to establish the Gaeseong Industrial Complex, build the Gyeongui and Donghae railways, and initiate the Mt. Guemgang Tourism Project. As of February, 2011, more than 390,000 South and North Koreans have crossed the border, trade has reached the amount of US$14.8 billion dollars and US$2.9 billion in humanitarian aid has been delivered.

The improving inter-Korean relations came to an end when North Korea conducted a nuclear test in October 2006 and the effectiveness of the policy came under great criticism.

The second inter-Korean summit took place one year本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。