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Philosophy Essay:​正义论学说 [5]

论文作者:www.51lunwen.org论文属性:短文 essay登出时间:2015-11-19编辑:chenyuting点击率:9499

论文字数:2804论文编号:org201511082046376331语种:英语 English地区:中国价格:免费论文

关键词:Theories of Social Justice税收政策正义论学说

摘要:本文讨论了Bentham、Rawls、Sen的正义论学说,并结合正义原则来讨论税收政策和防卫过度导致杀人情况下的看法。

ng higher rates of taxes.

The principles of justice required in the murder for self-defense has to look at the actual behavior of the individuals and under what circumstances the murder took place. Because I believe that we should use aggression to protect ourselves from a fanatic aggressor who is hell bent on killing us. For example - When the suicide bombers were at the Taj hotel in Mumbai looking for people whom they can gun down, the only way to stop them was to kill them. Capturing them is highly dangerous as they will detonate the bombs packed in their bodies. Therefore murder for self-defense is a right of not tolerating aggression and harm. Also taking the right of self-preservation, one has every authority to protect oneself against a deadly attack, even if it means murder. It comes from a moral right to protection from the state. Another example I would like to quote is the woman who is a victim of domestic violence, and marital rape, and the perpetrator in this case is the alcoholic husband, who has no reason to believe otherwise. In this the woman is not getting any protection or help from the state or the institutions and she is finally forced to protect herself by retaliation and due to which the husband loses his life. This was just the case of an individual what about the state when it retaliates to Maoists or intrusion of Pakistani army into Kargil. How is it that the state has complete authority on violence and what should individuals do in a situation where the state is non-existent or does not protect the individual ? When we have a right to kill an animal in self-defense, why should this be not the case when it comes to humans ?

参考文献-References -

Kimberly Kessler Ferzan, Self-Defense and the State, Ohio Journal of Criminal Law, 5:449
MC Nussbaum and A Sen, The Quality of Life (Oxford University Press, New York, 1993) Introduction and Chapter 1
MC Nussbaum, 'Capabilities as Fundamental Entitlements: Sen and Social Justice' (2003) 9
Feminist Economics 2-3.
Nussbaum MC, Capabilities and Human Rights, 66 Fordham Law Review, 273 (1997-1998)
Nussbaum MC, Beyond the Social Contract: Capabilities and Global Justice, An Olaf Palme Lecture, delivered in Oxford on 19 June 2003, Oxford Development Studies, Vol. 32, No. 1, March 2004
Mill, JS 'Utilitarianism' (1879) Fraser's Magazine Longman's, Green & Co., London
Rawls John, A Theory of Justice, (Harvard University Press, 1971) Chs 1 and 2
Sen, A Inequality Re-examined (1992) Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Sen, A Development as Freedom (2000) Oxford University Press, New Delhi.
Sen, A 'Human Rights and Capabilities' (2005) 6 Journal of Human Development 2.
Sen, A, Idea of Justice, (Harvard University Press, 2009) Chs 1 and 2
Shirin M. Taherzadeh, Amartya Sen's Contribution to a Theory of Social Justice, The Institute for Development and Labour Law, University of Cape Town
Stewart Miranda, Gender Equity in Australia's Tax System: A Capabilities Approach, In Gunnarson et al(eds), Challenging Gender Inequality in tax Policy Making: Comparative Perspectives (Hart Publishing UK) 53-7
Stewart Miranda, Gender Equity and the Henry Tax Review:A Capabilities Approach, Women and Tax Seminar Women's College, 30 July 2010, Melbourne Law School
Treasury (Australian) (1985) Reform of the Australian Tax System: Draft White Pap论文英语论文网提供整理,提供论文代写英语论文代写代写论文代写英语论文代写留学生论文代写英文论文留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。
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