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论文题目：The Power of Rational Beings: Freedom of the Will
论文语言：英语论文 English
论文专业：phil
字数：2000
学校国家：美国
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论文用于：BA Term Paper 本科课程作业
补充要求和说明：Introduction to Philosophy, Spring 2014
Essay 1
Due: 14.00, 16 May 2015, via Blackboard
7–10 pages (excluding identifying information and works cited/bibliography), double-spaced, 12pt Times New Roman font, 1” margins
Please respond to one of the threeoptions below.
Option #2
In “The Power of Rational Beings: Freedom of the Will,” Peter van Inwagen concludes that “there is no position that one can take on the matter of free will that does not confront its adherents with mystery” (395). Consider the position in this debate that you are most inclined to favor. What mystery confronts you, according to van Inwagen? Defend your commitment to that position in the face of this mystery (i.e. provide an argument for your position given the mystery that it confronts).When responding to this prompt, consider these questions:
1. What is the relationship of free will and determinism, on the view you defend (and, for that matter, how do you understand the concepts of free will and determinism)?
2. What is the nature of the mystery that confronts you?
3. What ways have philosophers besides yourselfattempted to defend this position in the face of that mystery?
4. Do you think van Inwagen’s analysis of your favored position is fair or correct?

不确定性产生自由，在这种观点中，我们的冲动不是一种自我创新，因为第一个原因，我们的思维和行为，以及早期开始的事件，以及进一步的祖先。只有一个方面是在无限长的因果链不同的台球等我们认识到，它通过我们的思维方式，形状-“体积”的特点，满足。这就是它是怎样的命运，虽然命运，它是“还是我是孤单的，而不是外部因素”，是和我认为我对别人的行为负责。
这是一个被低估的“兼容论”，一个更广泛的定义的决定论和自由意志是兼容的文件和/或道义责任。后来的版本的兼容性理论倾向于心理学家哲学家杰姆斯所谓的柔性决定论、适度论自由意志似乎是必要的。在批判“兼容论”斯坦福大学百科的这样一个记录，“决定论”…告诉我们，在任何时候，鉴于过去和法律性质，只有一个是可能的未来…如果决定论是真的，没有一个访问模型…没有控制权的代理。”
Determinism generates free, in this view our impulse is not a kind of self innovation 'for the first reason.' Our thinking and our behavior, and the early start events, and the ancestors, who by further is infinite. Only one aspect is in the infinite long causal chain different billiards etc. We recognize that it passes through our thoughts on the way, the characteristics of shape - 'volume', meet. This is how it is fate, although the fate, it is 'still I was alone, rather than external factors', is made and I think I am responsible for the actions of others.
This is an undervalued 'compatibility theory', a broader definition of determinism and free will is compatible with paper and/or moral responsibility. Later versions of the compatibility theory tend to psychologists philosopher Henry James so-called soft determinism, a moderate determinism free will seems to be necessary. In criticizing the compatible theory Stanford encyclopedia of such a record, 'determinism... tell us, at any time, given the fact that the past and legal nature, only one is possible in the future.... if determinism is true, no one access model... [it] required agent without control option.'