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research proposal由几部分组成？Research Proposal结构如何（由留学生论文专家提供例文分析，讲解Research Proposal 写作技巧。）

进行论文或报告写作之前，先要确定想要表达的主题，主题确定后，将其具体表达，即为
题目。题目可以提供研究者：
一.研究的方向
二.研究的范围
三.资料搜集的范围
四.预期研究成果

通常在确定题目之后就开始找资料从事研究，建议在找资料之前最好去问教授有哪些参考
资料来源可供参考引用。构思为确定写作大纲或 Proposal 的先前步骤， 大纲是论文、报
告的骨干， Proposal 是研究的架构、流程及范围的说明书。如何构思大纲或Proposal为
论文、报告写作前的必要准备工作。好的论文或研究报告，要基于在完整、详实的资料上
，而参考资料除了和教授商借之外，最主要的来源就是图书馆了，一般参考资料来源可分
成教科书或手册、政府机构的报告、科技或商业方面的杂志，及会议性质的资料。此外现
代的电脑资料库也可帮助收集资料，在国外可利用学校的电脑连线资料库寻找自己需要的
资料。当一切准备就绪，即可开始着手写报告，一般报告还分大报告如期末、专题等报告
，及小报告如 Seminar 式的报告。

就算是小报告，也至少应含

(一)TITLE PAGES ：包含主题名称、作者、日期
(二)Summary： 即主要的结论
(三)Introduction：包括理论背景及内容
(四)Technical Sections：是论文的主体，为最重要的部份应再细分为 几个片断。
(五)Conclusions：即扼要的结论
(六)Appendixes：复杂公式的导引及叁考资料和电脑程式的报表可附加在 此项

美式报告的撰写通常要打字，两行式，行间若有未拼完的字要以音节来连接。写报告通常
需要用到电脑，如有计算数字统计图表的需求，也常会用到程式软体如PASCAL、LOTUS，统计分析软体如SAS，也是不可或缺的，电脑绘图在今日已成为工商界及学术界的重要工具，文书处理更是最基本的要求，因此Word for Window、Powerpoint、Excel便成了颇受欢迎的工具。此外在英文语法、文法上的润饰与修改，如能请老美帮忙会比较好。

论文、报告完成后有时会需要做解说(Presentation)，用英文来讲演对中国人来说算是一大挑战，通常课堂讲演时间为十五分钟到三十分钟，若是论文囗试则至少一小时。投影机及麦克风的使用对讲演的效果有很大帮助，正式讲演前多预习几次，时间宜控制适中，上台时忌讳低头拿着报告照念，需留意听众的反应，切中主题，避免太多数字的导引。

通常论文由篇首(Preliminaries)，本文(Texts)以及参考资料(References)三部分构成；
而这三大部分各自内容如下：

(一) 篇首：

封面(Title)
序言(Preface)
谢词(Acknowledge)
提要(Summary)
目录(Tables and Appendixes)

(二) 本文：

引言(Introduction)
主体，含篇(Part)、章(Chapter)、节(Section) 、以及注释 (Footnotes)

(三)参考资料：

参考书目(References or Bibliography)
附录资料(Appendix)。

Research Proposal例文-research on how the
Topic:

This research proposal suggests research on how the level of self-disclosure effects the degree of relationship satisfaction.

Review of Literature:

Guerrero & Afifi (1995) conducted a study to examine topic avoidance and self-disclosure in family relationships. They found that males reported avoiding discussion of relationship issues more than females did. As Martin&Anderson(1995)sought to examine the motives behind self-disclosure in father-young adult relationships and the resulting level of relationship satisfaction, their study found that young adults seem to model their self-disclosure after their fathers' self-disclosure. Pegalis, Shaffer, Bazzini, & Greenier (1994) examined the generality of the opener effect to males and females across different situational contexts. They found that both genders disclosed more and longer to high openers than to low openers across the different contexts, Leaper, Carson, Baker, Holliday, & Myers (1995) used both same- and opposite-sex dyads in order to examine the relationship between listener verbal support and self-disclosure among friends. They found that females tended to be more responsive and supportive than males during discussions in both same- and cross-gender friendships. However, it was also found that men made more disclosing comments than did women, indicating that it is possible for males to disclose as much as females. They also found that imbalances in self-disclosure and verbal support are related to relationship dissatisfaction.

Drawing on these findings, it could be possible to anticipate that individuals who have similar patterns of self-disclosure would have higher degrees of relationship satisfaction. Continued research may further explore what other factors affect the degree of rel本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。