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论文作者:英语论文论文属性:职称论文 Scholarship Papers登出时间:2012-03-20编辑:lena ding点击率:10773
论文字数:2357论文编号:org201203201038119073语种:英语 English地区:瑞士价格:免费论文
关键词:Switzerlandpublic health system
摘要:瑞士是欧洲中西部的一个内陆国,发达的经济水平,使瑞士的医疗保健服务非常发达。瑞士医药卫生体制以相对较低的投入,实现了国民健康的高质量,其许多做法值得我们学习和借鉴。本文就瑞士的医疗卫生体制做出探讨与借鉴。
In Switzerland, the government in public hospitals to take the separation of management from operation mode to achieve the government hospital funding allocated by the Hospital Association. The balance of the Hospital Association hospital for assessment, submission to the government.
The price of medical services in Swiss hospitals and doctors by the government. The medical practices of each broken down into several "points", the hospital services to provide patients with the "point" number of the price of medical services. The specific charging standard developed jointly by the Association and the Medical Association of the insurance company each year.
Swiss pharmaceutical distribution system
Switzerland has also established a standardized drug distribution system. Switzerland on the establishment of pharmacy regulations are more stringent, requiring each pharmacy must be at least one pharmacist on duty, pharmacies 24 hours to sell drugs, each pharmacy must get ready to over 40,000 kinds of drugs approved by the Federal Drug Administration. Switzerland is not a mandatory hospital may not establish a pharmacy, hospital pharmacy and the pharmacy community to pay the same taxes. However, in order to maintain fair competition, public hospitals, no dispensaries, Otherwise, the pharmacy industry associations will be anti-competitive grounds of public hospitals to initiate judicial proceedings.
Swiss drug price formation mechanism, is a multi-stakeholder involvement mechanisms. In Switzerland, prescription drugs with the pharmaceutical companies by the Federal Drug Administration consultation pricing, non-prescription drugs government only provides a guide price. Federal Drug Administration Committee, led by a federal government officials, organizations, composed of persons by the medical experts, representatives of insurance companies. New drugs have been developed, the pharmaceutical companies the price of a notice of intention. The Commission oversees the provision of the Federal Drug Administration to consider the cost of medicines, alternative drug prices, the efficacy of drugs, public tolerance and other factors, make a ruling whether to allow new drugs into the federal health insurance drug list and new drugs market price.
Swiss health insurance system
Swiss health insurance system began in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. As early as 1890, Switzerland has the medical and accident insurance written constitution, since 1912, the Swiss government successively issued special regulations on the medical and accident insurance. The medical insurance covers sickness, maternity and accident, medical and living expenses, divided into two parts of the basic insurance and additional insurance. Basic risks belong to the will of Insurance, which is responsible for payment of the patient's examination, diagnosis and treatment, nursing, medicine and other costs of the main part. On the basis of the basic medical insurance, if you also want to enjoy some special care, such as a single room, self-financed drugs, Chinese massage, acupuncture, and so on, you 本论文由英语论文网提供整理,提供论文代写,英语论文代写,代写论文,代写英语论文,代写留学生论文,代写英文论文,留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。