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论文作者:留学生论文论文属性:短文 essay登出时间:2011-04-05编辑:anne点击率:10818
论文字数:20785论文编号:org201104051536519608语种:英语 English地区:法国价格:$ 66
关键词:Public Private PartnershipUrban DevelopmentUrban River SpacesSuzhou Creek Rehabilitation Project
Abstract:China is considered as one of the fastest growing economies in the world, if not the fastest. Thus, in the past few years, the country faced several environmental problems, particularly water pollution. One of which is the problem of the Suzhou Creek in Shanghai. Suzhou creek is considered as one of the most important river spaces or waterways in Shanghai, because it is connected to other sources of water supply in large area in Shanghai. Furthermore, Shanghai is considered as one of the first-tier cities in Mainland, China; therefore, it can affect the overall trade, commerce and tourism of the city, which will eventually affect the economy. Due to this, 代写留学生环境管理论文the national and municipal government, together with the ADB worked together in order to come up with one of the most ambitious river space rehabilitation projects in the history of the world. The funds used in the project were from the ADB, national government, local government and municipal government.
Public private partnership (PPP) was also implemented in the study, by enabling the public and private sectors to work together in implementing and doing tasks that are related with the project. The type of PPP method used was service contract, where in the government hired the service of the private companies to do specific tasks in the project such as project management, technical expertise, IT, construction, etc. The result of the project had been successful. As a matter of fact, after the implementation of initial stages of SCRP, the government started to plan about the first BOT PPP in water sector of China.
This paper explores and assesses the suitability or the appropriateness of using PPP in development and restoration of urban water river spaces in China, by using the case of SCRP. Primary data were gathered through survey questionnaire and interview from 25 respondents in both public and private sectors involved in the project. The result showed that PPP will be very helpful in urban development in China; however, there are different risks that must be considered, due to the regulation and political framework of the country. The result also showed that the main advantage of PPP is the efficiency and quality of outcome and cost value, while the main disadvantage focus on the differences of culture between the two sectors as well as some of irregularities in the government.
Table of Contents
Public Private Partnership as a Financing Option for the Revitalization of Urban River Spaces: Theoretical Aspects and the Case Study of the Suzhou Creek Rehabilitation Project (SCRP) in Shanghai 1
Abstract 6
Keywords 7
Photo Catalogue 7
Abbreviations List 8
Formula Symbol Directory 9
Chapter 1 – Introduction 10
1.1 Background 10
1.2 Aim and Objectives 12
1.3 Research Questions 12
1.4 Structure of the Research 13
2.0 Literature Review 15
2.1 What is PPP? 15
2.1.1 Characteristics of PPP 17
2.1.2 Forms of PPP 18
2.1.3 Advantages and Disadvantages of PPP 21
2.2 Urban Development in China 26
2.3 Urban River Space in China 28
2.4 Urban Financing Sources in China 29
2.4.1. National Government Grants 29
2.4.2. National Government Loans Raised from Treasure Bonds 30
2.4.3. Municipal Government Funds 30
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