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perspectives.  Namely,  affects  can  be  happy and  unhappy  (from  facial  expressions),  excited  and  calm  (from  behaviors),  nervous  and relaxed (from muscles). Lu (1999) defines affect from two perspectives. From the narrow sense,  it  includes  mood,  affection  and  sentiment  while  from  a  broad  sense,  it  includes motivation, interest, attitude, personality, will and values. Ni (2003) claims that affect not only refers to the passion of learning, but also refers to abundant feelings which come from inner  experiences  and  spiritual  world.
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2.2 Reading  
This  part  begins  with  different  definitions  of  reading  defined  by  some  authoritative language scholars and then comes to the importance of reading.Reading  as  one  of  the  basic  language  skills  plays  a  vital  role  in  language  learning,   especially  in  English  teaching  and  learning.  It  occupies  a  major  part  in  English examinations. Grellet (1981) believes that reading is a communication process between writers and readers, which just like a face to face conversation that includes asking as well as answers. In fact, reading is an interaction between a reader’s own language knowledge, background, world knowledge and the information providing by the words. Rayner and Pollatsek (1989) indicate  that  reading  is  the  ability  to  receive  visual  information  from  the  text  and comprehend  it.  Silberstein  (2003)  believes  that  reading  is  a  complex  information processing  skill  in  which  the  reader  interacts  with  text  in  order  to  (re)create  meaningful discourse. Nuttall (2005) thinks that reading should pay attention to the further meaning of sentences  and  reading  is  a  transition  of  one  brain  to  another  brain,  is  the  information permeates from the writer’s brain to the readers’ brain. Catts (2009) argues that reading can be  not  only  regarded  as  the  communication  between  authors  and  readers,  but  also  the communication between readers themselves and the text, and reading is a positive process in  his  point  of  view.  Meanwhile,  some  scholars  think  reading  is  a  process  of  identifying words and acquiring the meanings, which means that reading is a process in which readers read  for  a  certain  purpose  and  get  information  from  it.  Mc Whorter  (2002:3)  believes  that reading has much more than moving your eyes across lines across lines of print, more than recognizing  words,  and  more  than  reading  sentences.  Wang  (2011)  views  reading  as  an interactive  process.  This  本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。