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alp, for their insights and suggestions that have helped
shape this work. And finally, I want to thank the students who started with me back in
September of 1993—Garbis, Mark, Zaki, Wagner, Aaron, Colm, Umesh, Mauricio,
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Mike and Terry. All of them did not make it through this entire process. But along
the way having someone with whom I could share my ups, downs, frustrations,
accomplishments, and failures made the experience more interesting, challenging,
exciting, fun and tolerable for me.
I would like to express grateful appreciation to the following people who have
given me permission to include images from their work in this thesis:
Figure 5 and Figure 11 - European Computer-Industry Research Centre
(ECRC), Fraunhofer Institute for Computer Graphics (IGD),
Department Visualization & Virtual Reality (A4), Group for
Augmented Reality at ZGDV - work supported by Ove Arup &
Partners and Sir Norman Foster & Partners, UK
Figure 7 - Dr. Eric Grimson, Computer Vision Group, MIT AI Lab
Figure 8 - Courtesy of the Department of Computer Science, University of
North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Figure 9 - Dr. Simon Gibbs, GMD - German National Research Center for
Information Technology
Figure 12 - Anu Rastogi, Dr. Paul Milgram, Dr. Julius Grodski, University of
Toronto - work sponsored by the Defence and Civil Institute of
Environmental Medicine, Department of National Defence, Canada
Figure 13 - Copyright 1993 by Steven Feiner, Blair MacIntyre, and Doree
Seligmann, Columbia University
Figure 14a - Ulrich Neumann and Youngkwan Cho, Computer Science
Department, University of Southern California
Figure 14b - Dr. David Mizell, The Boeing Company
This material is based upon work supported by the National Science
Foundation under grant numbers IRI-9306454 and IRI-9406481 and by the National
Institutes of Health under grant number 1 P41 RR 09283. Any opinions, findings, and
conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author and
do not necessarily reflect the views of the NSF or the NIH.
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Abstract
Augmented reality is the merging of synthetic sensory information into a user’s
perception of a real environment. Until recently, it has presented a passive interface to
its human users, who were merely viewers of the scene augmented only with visual
information. In contrast, practically since its inception, computer graphics—and its
outgrowth into virtual reality—has presented an interactive environment. It is our
thesis that the https://www.51lunwen.org/computer/augmented reality interface can be made interactive. We present:
techniques that can free the user from restrictive requirements such as working in
calibrated environments, results with haptic interface technology incorporated into
augmented reality domains, and systems considerations that underlie the practical
realization of these interactive augmented reality techniques.
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Table of Contents
Dedication..................................................................................................... iii
Curriculum Vitae........................................................................................... iv
Acknowledgments.......................................................................................... v
Abstract .............................................................................................