英语论文网

2.0 Introduction to Integrated and Collaborative Computing in Construction 代写留学生论文This chapter of the module focuses on the issues facing the current nature of the construction industry and discusses the need for the industry to move towards an integrated and collaborative approach in order to address these issues.

2.1 The Need for Improvement The construction industry is one of the largest economic sectors in all the developed economics. For example, in the UK it accounts for ￡70 billion turnover equating to approximately 10% of GDP.However, the performance of the construction industry has consistently lagged behind other industrial and service sectors. UK government initiatives such as Constructing the Team (Latham, 1994) and Rethinking Construction (Egan, 1998) identified a number of factors preventing the construction industry from achieving necessary improvements which have already been achieved in other manufacturing and service sectors.

2.2 Fragmented Supply Chain the current nature of the construction industry is such that many multi-disciplines/practitioners including designers, engineers, contractors, suppliers, etc. are brought together in a one-of-a-kind project which requires tremendous amount of coordination. A typical construction project is extremely complex involving a variety of organizations and disciplines being brought together for the duration of the project to form the “project team” or “virtual enterprise”, before in many instances disbanding at the end of the project. These organizations vary in terms of size, IT capabilities, computer platforms, and physical location. Fragmentation is a key feature of the construction industry structure and client base.

Furthermore, the construction industry is essentially an information intensive and processing industry, whilst also being extremely document-centric. Currently, construction project information is captured in documents, i.e. 2D CAD drawings, specifications, etc. Although project information may be produced.

in an electronic form, it is distributed among the various multi-disciplinary teams involved in the project as documents. The format of such information is also rich and multi-dimensional. This current nature presents significant barriers to communications between the various stakeholders and to the management of information in projects:
Much project information is stored on paper as drawings and written documents. This is frequently unstructured and difficult to use. It is also easy to lose or damage.

Thousands of documents are shared during a typical project, leading to significant human errors in managing and co-ordinating the versioning of these documents.

This process leads to incomplete understanding of the planed construction, functional inefficiencies, inaccurate initial work or clashes between components.

People responsible for collecting and archiving project information may not always understand the specific needs of those actors who will use it, such as those involved in building maintenance.

The information is usually not managed while it is created. Instead it is captured and archived at the end of the construction stage. The result is that the people who have knowledge about the projec本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。