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 论文编号：
lw200707250743135170 |
| 论文属性：
Notes |
| 论文语言：English |
| 论文国家：China |
| 登出日期： 2007-07-25 |
| 字数： 4000 |
| 源程序：
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| 价格：
免费论文 |
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| 论文大纲，目录 |
| 关键词搜索：Government Public Policy Political Communication Politics and Communication |
”—the immigrants it has historically
welcomed, its portability worldwide in the form of popular culture and trade, and the fact
that its democratic institutions and ideals have been copied elsewhere—give it enormous
soft power potential. Nations like the U.S. that have access to multiple channels of
communication, and whose dominant culture is similar to global norms, also stand to
benefit by soft power. Soft power can have hard effects. For example, the publicity of the
Ukraine’s Orange Revolution in the fall of 2004 encouraged the Russian-backed president
to allow a legitimate vote to take place. Media coverage of the tsunamis in Asia on Boxing
Day 2004 and the flooding of New Orleans in August 2005 led to the distribution of
immense financial aid and assistance to these damaged areas. But soft power cannot be
applied, traced, or measured with the same confidence that hard power’s gunboats once
could.
3. AC640 readings: Karim Karim’s “Violence and the Media”
Karim Karim is an associate professor at the School of Journalism and Communication at
Carleton University in Ottawa. The chapter, “Violence and the Media,” is taken from his
book, Islamic Peril: Media and Global Violence. Karim uses Joseph Gusfield’s three stages by which social consensus on issues is
achieved by states or other legitimate authorities as a means to structure this chapter.
Those three stages are: (i) name a problem; (ii) publicize the problem by assignin英语论文网 【http://www.51lunwen.org】g
responsibility to the appropriate public authorities to deal with it; and (iii) legitimate a
particular way of viewing the problem. For instance, a state confronted with a severe
economic depression might prefer to name the problem a “recession” to minimize the bad
publicity that would otherwise discourage investors; create a special commission
dedicated to researching and enacting unique measures to solve the crisis, such as direct
state subsidies to industry to create new jobs; and then argue that those who might
criticize such spending of tax dollars were ignoring the right of the state to directly
intervene in the economy when conditions were extraordinary.
a. naming violence
Violence is a universal feature of human societies. It can be expressed in highly visible
forms—war, domestic abuse, a Quentin Tarentino movie—or in sublimated forms, such as
in courts of law or parliamentary debate. Cultures decide which forms of violence are
acceptable and which are not; law, custom, and values then support these distinctions.
The appropriate and inappropriate uses of violence are often presented in narrative form
or, to use Roland Barthes’ term, “myths.” That is, part of what constitutes common sense
in Canadian society are the ideologically rich stories we tell ourselves about violence.
What the language that frames our collective memory of the landing of Canadian soldiers
at Normandy on D-Day and Don Cherry’s enthusiastic support of h
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