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 论文编号：
lw200802181146224211 |
| 论文属性：
Courswork |
| 论文语言：English |
| 论文国家：U.K. |
| 登出日期： 2008-02-18 |
| 字数： 2950 |
| 源程序：
无 |
| 价格：
150 |
| 参考相关附件： |
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| 论文大纲，目录 |
| 关键词搜索： |
h include the design of multinational organizational
structures and ethical marketing practices that are most
appropriate to the cultures in which they will be functioning.
Further cross-cultural research and the development of
cross-cultural theory are needed to fill this knowledge gap.
Collectivism
•Individuals should sacrifice self-interest for the group
that they belong to.
•Individuals should stick with the group even through
difficulties.
•Group welfare is more important than individual
rewards.
•Group success is more important than individual
success.
•Individuals should consider their goals after considering
the welfare of the group.
•Group loyalty should be encouraged even if individual
goals suffer.
Uncertainty Avoidance
•It is important to have instructions spelled out in
detail so that I know what I’m expected to do.
APPENDIX A: MEASURES OF
CULTURAL VALUES1
50 Pallab Paul, Abhijit Roy, and Kausiki Mukhopadhyay
•It is important to closely follow instructions and
procedures.
•Rules/regulations are important because they inform
me of what is expected of me.
•Standardized work procedures are helpful.
•Instructions for operations are important.
Masculinity
•It is more important for men to have a professional
career than it is for women.
•Men usually solve problems with logical analysis;
women usually solve problems with intuition.
•Solving problems req英语论文网 【http://www.51lunwen.org】uires an active forcible approach,
which is typical of men.
•There are some jobs that a man can do better than a
woman.
Power Distance
•People in higher positions should make most decisions
without consulting people in lower positions.
•People in higher positions should not ask the opinions
of people in lower positions too frequently.
•People in higher positions should avoid interaction
with people in lower positions.
•People in higher position should not delegate important
tasks to people in lower positions.
•People in lower positions should not disagree with
people in higher positions. (Item was omitted from the
scale.)
Long-Term Orientation
•Careful management of money (thrift).
•Going on resolutely in spite of opposition (persistence).
•Personal steadiness and stability.
•Long-term planning.
Cultural Values on Marketing Ethical Norms 51
•Giving up today’s fun for success in the future.
•Working hard for success in the future.
Price and Distribution
•All extra costs and added features should be
identified.
•One should not manipulate the availability of the
product for the purpose of exploitation.
•Coercion should not be used within the marketing
channel.
•Undue influence should not be exerted over the
resellers choice to handle a product.
•One should not engage in price fixing.
Information and Contract
•Information regarding all sub
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