英语论文网

虚拟组织是指暂时合作的公司或企业。虚拟组织通过信息技术实现了实物资源、人力资源和知识的共享。虚拟组织使公司进入另一个市场，除了帮助公司降低投资风险外，还使员工间共享技能，共担成本。这个论文重点研究了通过实行多代理系统模拟的人造市场所获得的经验，在这个系统中我们已经得到了虚拟公司不同阶段的决策机制。这篇论文展示了为代理人订立协议和定标算法来组建虚拟组织。

引言

虚拟组织也可以被定义为一个由各个独立的合法公司、企业或者个体户组成的合作组织，它于对商业具有共识的基础上提供服务。这个研究的目的有：建立多代理系统来支持模拟的人造市场；来获取虚拟公司不同阶段的决策机制；通过实验来检测和证实这些机制并更好的理解这些组织性的问题。这些合作体里的公司们主要贡献他们的核心能力并且表面上仍是单个的公司在运行。这个合作组织拒绝体制化，例如核心办公室。相反，它是通过可行的信息和通讯技术来管理。虚拟组织由各个独立企业提供资源构建的新型组织。参与的企业中，有一个被指命为初始代理商，负责分配任务和协调成员关系。拥有洛克希德，德州仪器和多所大学参与的组织，AIMS的目标包括在商业和科技的共同基础上发展公司机制，利用全国的信息高速公路来使企业在处理复杂项目时迅速地一起合作。

Virtual organization is refers to temporary teaming of company/enterprises. Virtual organizations enable sharing of physical, human and knowledge resources via information technologies, access to one another’s market and enable member of the company to share skills and cost besides helping organization to decrease the risk of investment. This paper focuses on the experiences gained by implementing a multiagent system that simulates an artificial marketplace, for which we have derived several decision-making mechanisms in various stages of a virtual organization. Negotiation protocol and a bid selection algorithm for agents to form a virtual organization are presented in this paper.

Introduction

Virtual Organization can be defined as a cooperation of legally independent enterprises, institutions or individual which provide service on the basis of a common understanding of business. The objectives of this research include: to implement a multi-agent system that supports the simulation of artificial marketplaces, to derive mechanisms for decision-making in various stages of a virtual organization , and to perform experiments to evaluate and verify those mechanisms in order to better understand the organizational problems. The cooperating units mainly contribute their core competences and they act to externals as a single corporation. The corporation refuses an institutionalization e.g., by central offices; instead, the cooperation is managed by using feasible information and communication technologies.” The virtual organization is a new organization formed by the contributions of resources from several independent enterprises. Of the participating enterprises, a member is designated as initiator agent, who is responsible for task allocation and coordination among the members. With participating members that include Lockheed, Texas Instruments, and several universities, the goal of AIMS includes the development of mechanisms in both business and technology infrastructures, using national information highways that would allow companies to very rapidly put together partnerships for the development of complex projects.

VIRTUAL BUILDING ORGANIZATION

The developer partitions the building process into 5 partial processes, namely framing, foundation, electrical work, plumbing, and finishing, assuming they must be completed in sequence. The developer makes the initial proposal of forming a Virtual Building Company to the sub-contractors in its marketplace. The individual enterprises can then bid for these partial processes. After the developer has received substantial bids from the individual contractors, it then selects a group of bids that meets its highest expectation based on multiple criteria, such