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加拿大英语毕业论文_英语变体研究

论文作者:www.51lunwen.org论文属性:硕士毕业论文 thesis登出时间:2013-07-29编辑:lgg点击率:7835

论文字数:39100论文编号:org201307281604426601语种:中文 Chinese地区:加拿大价格:$ 33

关键词:加拿大英语语言与文化变体英语的变体外部因素(文化因素)

摘要:语言不仅确认为任何特定社会组特定的语音规范的,而且是社会文化的一部分,说他们。语言是人类作为一种信令身份与一个文化群与他人的差异。

Chapter 1 Literature Review


1.1 Language and Culture
有很多种方法,语言和文化是密切相关的。语言不仅是人类沟通的工具,但也最重要的,文化的生动写照。换句话说,语言定义了文化,而文化决定语言。关于它们是如何相互密切伤口已彻底研究的语言学家,语言的定义,对文化的定义,和他们的关系将在以下段落。There are many ways in which language and culture are intimately related.Language is not only a tool used in human communication, but also, most importantly,a vivid reflection of culture. In other words, language defines culture while culturedetermines language. On how they are closely interwound has been thoroughlyresearched by linguists, and the definition of language, definition of culture, and theirrelationship will be presented in the following passages.


1.1.1 Definition of Language
“语言”字至少有两个基本含义:作为一个总的概念的语言,一种语言',一个特定的语言系统。在谈到语言,主要作为一个笼统的概念,可以用几种不同的定义,强调不同方面的现象。这些定义也带来了不同的方法和语言的理解,并告知学校的语言学理论不同,往往是不相容的。一种定义认为语言主要为智力,让人类进行语言行为:语言学习,生产和理解的话语。这个定义强调所有人类语言的普遍性和人类作为一个独特的发展对人类大脑的语言能力的生物学基础。这种观点在很大程度上是天生的,比如乔姆斯基的普遍语法理论The word ‘language’ has at least two basic meanings: language as a generalconcept, and ‘a language’, a specific linguistic system. When speaking of languageprimarily as a general concept, several different definitions can be used that stressdifferent aspects of the phenomenon. These definitions also entail differentapproaches and understandings of language, and they inform different and oftenincompatible schools of linguistic theory.One definition sees language primarily as the mental faculty that allows humansto undertake the linguistic behavior: to learn languages and produce and understandutterances. This definition stresses the universality of language to all humans and thebiological basis of the human capacity for language as a unique development of thehuman brain. This view often understands language to be largely innate, for exampleas in Chomsky’s theory of Universal Grammar, Jerry Fodor’s extreme innatist theory.These kinds of definitions are often applied by studies of language within a cognitivescience framework and in neurolinguistics.
Yet another definition sees language as a system of communication that enableshumans to cooperate. This definition stresses the social functions of language and thefact that humans use it to express themselves and to manipulate objects in theirenvironment. Functional theories of grammar explain grammatical structures by theircommunicative functions, and understands the grammatical structures of language tobe the result of an adaptive process by which grammar was "tailored" to servecommunicative needs of its users. This view of language is associated with the studyof language in pragmatic, cognitive and interactional frameworks, as well as insocio-linguistics and linguistic anthropology. Functionalist theories tend to study grammar as a dynamic phenomenon, as structures that are always in the process ofchanging as they are employed by their speakers. This view leads to the study oflinguistic typology being of importance, as it can be shown that processes ofgrammaticalization tend to follow trajectories that are partly dependent on typology.In the philosophy of language these views are often associated with Wittgenstein’slater works and with ordinary language philosophers such as G. E. Moore, Paul Grice,John Searle and J. L. Austin.In all, the elemental feature of language lies in its constant changing. As thenormal state of language, change would occur to any old word, for example we wouldalways catch a new pronunciation, or a论文英语论文网提供整理,提供论文代写英语论文代写代写论文代写英语论文代写留学生论文代写英文论文留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。

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