时空中的寻访:沃特·惠特曼、约翰·缪尔、罗杰·迪肯作品中的树
论文作者:www.51lunwen.org论文属性:硕士毕业论文 thesis登出时间:2017-11-25编辑:lgg点击率:6356
论文字数:38475论文编号:org201711211908521913语种:英语 English地区:中国价格:$ 66
关键词:英语毕业论文时间空间朝圣
摘要:本文是英语毕业论文,从空间的维度看,三位作家与树的互动过程具有相似性。他们分别通过上述三种方式在与树互动的过程中发现了自身的认知局限,同时充分发挥想象力给予树新的诠释。而从时间的维度探讨则发现,三位作家分别呈现出单调、复调和多声部的不同认知特点。
Introduction
Background of the Study
Trees hold strong sway in both of our quotidian life and culture. In religions, trees areindispensable. According to the Bible, tree of knowledge is the mark of Adam and Eve’s fall inGenesis but a symbol of paradise regained in Revelation. In Ancient Greece, the rustling of theoak trees is believed to be a kind of prophesy. In Norse cosmology, Yggdrasill is an enormous ashtree at the centre of the cosmos where the gods assemble. The Bodhi tree in Bodh Gaya is an oldfig tree, where Buddha attained his enlightenment. Real or literal, those trees are the destinationsof people’s spiritual pilgrimages. In literature, tree is also a recurring theme beyond temporal andgeographical boundaries. In the Chinese classics, tree is a perennial image. In the Shijing (theBook of Poetry), the species of trees that are familiar to the early Zhou audience, such as peachtree, cypress, mulberry and the like are dotted. In Song dynasty, flowering trees including plum asan image in poems on things is also one of the favourite subjects, reminding us of their specialsignificance in Chinese culture. Across the miles in India, the poet Tagore composed a poem,perceiving trees as “the longings of the earth, stand atiptoe to peep at the heaven”. In Sand andFoam written by Gibran, the founding father of Arabian literature, he regards trees as the poemsthe land written upon the sky. In the Romantic era in Britain, it was the boughs of trees silhouettedagainst a starry sky that marked Wordsworth’s first awareness of nature. John Ruskin, thesuccessor, resembled trees as an intermediate being, by which the earth manages to come across tohuman being. It takes the company of human and becomes man’s friend and teacher. So long asmankind permits, the service and positive influence trees render could be immeasurable.Deflecting to nineteenth century America, Walt Whitman learned a great lesson from “a fineyellow poplar”.
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Literary Review
The studies on trees or the places constituted by trees such as woods and forests are notwithout its amount. Andrew Garner made a brief introduction and categorized the current seminalworks in his
essay “Living
history: Trees and Metaphors of Identity in an English Forest”,grounding in the changing and developing of a fixed place – Hatfield Forest in Essex and analyzedhow trees constitute senses of place and identity in England. It covers a lot of ground in arelatively short space ranging from everyday practices such as the tip to fell a tree to treesidentification as an agent, presenting them in graphs and tables. In the article, Garner claimed thatthree pathways paralleled and dominated this field, namely, exploration through theoreticalapproaches, on questions of management and policy in ecological spheres and the assumptions ofnature-social relationships. Apart from these, another perspective is worth to be included, which isthe introduction of trees in an interdisciplinary method. Colin Tudge (2005) and Nalini M.Nadkarni (2008) combined scientific facts and practical uses of trees together with literary,philosophical and historical analysis and apprehension in a juicy, simple and informative way.What is more, they inspire the readers’ considerations over the intimate relationship betweenpeople and trees, kindling our reflections on the urgent need to protect nature, where trees are theemblematic.According to Garner, various studies of trees
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