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apter Four methodology............27
4.1 Data Collection ...........27
4.2 Data Analysis .....28
4.3 Research Procedures ............28
Chapter Five Results and Discussion .....30
5.1 An Analysis of Chinese 'Zuo' and 'You' .......30
5.2 Discussion about How Chinese 'Zuo' and 'You' Being Transferred ..........43
5.3 Discussion about Cognitive Mechanisms of Chinese 'Zuo' and 'You' ......47

Chapter Five Results and Discussion

In this chapter, there are a certain number of phrases and sentences aboutChinese characters 'Zuo' and 'You' collected from xian-dai han-yu ci-dian (《现代汉语词典》) and the Center for Chinese Linguistics of Peking University (CCL) on theinternet written in chapter 4. These datum will be fully explained as well as possiblethrough the theoretical framework and methodology what has been mentioned inchapter 3 and chapter 4. Obviously, different transferred meanings about Chinese'Zuo' and 'You' will be analyzed to answer the questions at the beginning of thispaper. Moreover, this paper will concentrate on the exploration of why Chinese 'Zuo'and 'You' have transferred meanings or what the cognitive mechanism of Chinese'Zuo' and 'You' is.

5.1 An Analysis of Chinese 'Zuo' and 'You'

Firstly, why the author makes an analysis on Chinese 'Zuo' and 'You' at thesame time is that Chinese 'Zuo' and 'You' always appear as a pair of characters or aChinese phrase. Therefore, analyzing them together is much easier than analyzingthem respectively. In this paper, the parts of speech like noun, verb, adverb andadjective of Chinese 'Zuo' and 'You' will be basically discussed. Furthermore, thisstudy about the transferred meanings of Chinese 'Zuo' and 'You' begins throughdifferent perspectives to make a full analysis of Chinese 'Zuo' and 'You'. It is widelyknown that metaphors are concerned about human beings' metal awareness which ismostly influenced by the natural environments, cultures, politics, bureaucraticmechanism or in short, the natural and human society. There is no doubt that Chinese'Zuo' and 'You' in different dynasties have different transferred meanings because ofdifferent leaders, mainstream cultures, systems of society. Hence, it is necessary todivide the long history of China into several periods to discover what the transferredmeanings of Chinese 'Zuo' and 'You' are in different periods and find out the reasonwhy this phenomenon or these phenomena could merge in the certain period.

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Conclusion

This chapter mainly consists of two parts : major findings and limitations andimplications. The first part will concisely and precisely introduce what this paper hasdone and the second part will focus on what shortcomings have and the whatexpectations are for future studies on Chinese 'Zuo' and 'You'.Chinese 'Zuo' and 'You' stands for superiority in Shang Dynasty, Zhou Dynasty,the Eastern Han Times to Song Dynasty, the middle Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynastyand Chinese 'You' stands for superiority in the Spring and Autumn Times, theWarring states Period to the Western Han and Yuan Dynasty. Generally speaking,Chinese 'Zuo' and 'You' can only represent positive and negative meanings aboutdignity and lowliness. The extended meanings of Chinese 'Zuo' and 'You' are mainlyabout respected and disrespected, powerful and controlled, demoted and promoted,significant and insignificant, no