《鲁滨逊漂流记》现代性思想的进步意义与局限性 [5]
论文作者:www.51lunwen.org论文属性:本科毕业论文 Thesis登出时间:2014-05-25编辑:lzm点击率:20584
论文字数:5334论文编号:org201405241813398614语种:英语 English地区:中国价格:免费论文
关键词:鲁滨逊漂流记现代性思想Robinson Crusoe进步意义与局限性Limitation of Modernity
摘要:This paper gives some ideas to the study of Robinson Crusoe as well as to the study of modernity. The study reveals that the two aspects, the progressiveness and limitation of modernity, existed from its very beginning. However, the two aspects of modernity were covered by the remaining influence of God and traditional value in the 18th century. This influence makes Robinson’s optimism for modernity.
late solitary island as the most pleasant place in the world.” (Daniel Defoe, 2004: 123) This symbolizes, through the guide of rationality, the loss of people’s Garden of Eden has been reconstructed in the secular world.
2.3 Depending on the Modern Technology, Shaking off the Ignorance
The victory of Robinson was actually the triumph of technology in the battle against the world of non-technology, through which Robinson shakes off the ignorance.
2.3.1 Using the Modern Technology Sufficiently
The technology is the important weapon to break the old world and establish a new modern world. The development of science and technology makes the demands of the modernity achieved. The material advancements of the main modern capitalist countries are set up on a foundation of the great development of science and technology. Science gives mankind the determination and confidence to transform the world, so the people have a tool to realize their ideal. Robinson was left alone on an island where he experienced all kinds of difficulties. However, he overcame all of them whenever he used technology— his trump cart— no matter in material form such as fire, gun and knife or in abstract pattern such as knowledge to tie woods tighter, to choose a safe place for settling, to detect a bear through the fine traces it left, he succeeded.
It is the use of technology that enabled him to live on the desert island. Therefore, Robinson is chance of living in the desert island, which has the modernity ideology a civilized person. His success of the course of his work is a microcosm of human society, also a microcosm of modernity. In times of hardship, Robinson no longer prayed for God’s blessing blindly, and shook off the ignorance, but brought into play the technology. Through hard work, completely changed his own miserable fate. This is a formation of strong contrast with the medieval people creep at the foot of the theocracy. Medieval feudal church in order to fool the people, publicizes obscurantism, and considers the contrary as the idea of Catholic doctrine as “heresy”, science can only become a “servant of the religion”. Robinson’s actions extolled the people’s subjectivity.
2.3.2 Saving Friday
In the novel, Friday is also another important character. Friday lived in a primitive tribe with the nature of man-eating and also a victim of the bloody custom. At that moment, Crusoe represented the civilized western man, who drove away the Indies with his advanced arms, gun and powder, and then he was just to deliver Friday from the cannibals. He named the guy “Friday”. Crusoe teaches him simple English words and clothes him. Returning together to the slaughter scene, Crusoe has Friday clean up the bones and skulls and tries to convey to Friday the horror of cannibalism. Crusoe rescues Friday from an ignorant, androphagous, barbarous state, let him accept the civilization. And also Crusoe promised that Friday would possess a happy life. At this time, Crusoe has become the embodiment of civilization, and the guide of Friday’s soul.
Ⅲ. The Limitation of Modernity in Robinson Crusoe
It can be seen from the above-mentioned that Robinson is a typical capitalist. He has a strong desire to become rich and an indomitable enterprising spirit, which reflects the progressiveness of modernity. However, with the demands of the modernity,
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