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摘要：在当代美国文坛上，美国犹太作家、1976 年诺贝尔文学奖获得者索尔·贝娄被认为是继福克纳和海明威之后最主要的小说家。这篇论文主要分析索尔.贝娄小说中的女性人物。通过详尽的文本分析，本论文指出其小说中经常出现的三种主要女性人物类型，即:贤妻良母型、破坏型和独立型，分别列举并描述了各类型女性的代表性人物及其对男主人公的影本文，认为作家贝娄在对几位女性的描述刻画中，也把自己的女性观暴露无疑地展现出来.关键词：索尔·贝娄;三种女性人物形象;女性观本论文分为四个章节。第一章是文献综述，侧重强调索尔·贝娄在女性人物塑造方面的各家评论。第二章简要叙述了索尔·贝娄的生平和文学成就。第三章将索尔·贝娄十四部长篇小说中的女性形象分为三种类型，列举各种类型的代表人物，详细分析了她们的模式化形象及其对男主人公的影响。最后探讨了索尔·贝娄在刻画女性人物方面的局限及其原因。第四章基于第三章的分析和论证，提出几点结论

himself in nearly all his narrators, from Joseph, Augie, Wilhelm, Herzog, etc. to Dahfu. All seem to be some part of Bellow. This thesis initially derives from an admiration of Bellow’s insistence on the validity and integrity of the individual life in the face of the destructive forces of mass society. His concern for defining the dimensions of the “fully human' appears to be, at first blush, both necessary and commendable.

Bellow’s The Dean’s December was his novel after being awarded the Nobel Prize for literature in 1976.The publication of it indicates a significant change in Bellow’s literary creation, namely a change from the comic to the tragic.

1. The Author: Early Life and Career of Saul Bellow

1.1. The Life of Saul Bellow

Saul Bellow was born Solomon Bellows inLachine,Quebec, a suburb ofMontreal, in 1915. His parents had emigrated in 1913 fromRussiatoCanada. When Bellow was nine, his family moved toChicagowhere he grew up and spent most of his life. Recalling his sense of destiny and of belonging, he wrote, 'The children of Chicago bakers, tailors, peddlers, insurance agents, pressers, cutters, grocers, the sons of families on relief, were reading buckram-bound books from the public library and were in a state of enthusiasm, having found themselves on the shore of a novelistic land to which they really belonged, discovering their birthright... talking to one another about the mind, society, art, religion, epistemology and doing all this in Chicago, of all places' (Gussow and McGrath, 2005). Eventually his family moved toChicagoin 1924.

In 1933 he began college study at the University of Chicago, received his Bachelor’s degree from Northwestern University in 1937, with honors in anthropology and sociology, did graduate work at the University of Wisconsin, but he found that 'every time I worked on my thesis, it turned out to be a story' (Gussow and McGrath,2005). So he abandoned his postgraduate studies to become a writer.

It spent him many years publishing his first novel. After the outbreak of WWII, Saul Bellow` s dazzling career has been marked with numerous literary prizes, including the 1976 Nobel Prize, and the Gold Medal for the Novel. Saul Bellow is the only novelist to receive three National book awards.

Bellow leftChicagoin 1993 and settled inBoston, where he began teaching atBostonUniversity. In 1994 he became seriously sick after eating a toxic fish on aCaribbeanvacation. He died on April 5, 2005, at his home inBrooklineMassachusetts.

Of his family's emigration, Bellow wrote:

The retrospective was strong in me because of my parents. They were both full of the notion that they were falling, falling. They had been prosperous cosmopolitans inSaint Petersburg. My mother could never stop talking about the family dacha, her privileged life, and how all that was now gone. She was working in the kitchen. Cooking, washing, mending… There had been servants inRussia... But you could always transpose from your humiliating condition with the help of a sort of embittered irony.

(Atlas, 2000:98)

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