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论文作者:www.51lunwen.org论文属性:议论文 Argument Essay登出时间:2014-12-04编辑:Cinderella点击率:10898
论文字数:4753论文编号:org201412031607453006语种:英语 English地区:美国价格:免费论文
关键词:cultureHong Kongcultural difference文化差异
摘要:香港被视作亚洲的世界城,进入中国的关卡;它也是世界市场中重要的集合地。在过去的两个世纪当中,香港经济的国内生产总值翻了三倍。但最令香港引人注目的,还属其东西方文化交融的特殊环境。本文采用案例分析的方法,试图探讨东西方文化的不同,以及二者交融对政治、商业世界的影响。
Since call centre is an industry which needs to deal with large volume of phone calls everyday, and owing to the nature of the Cathay client's business is about carrying human life to travel, therefore, the structure of the call center can be defined as bureaucracy with every standard is documented in details as regulations without excuse to ignore. In operating a bureaucracy organization, perhaps, the transactional leadership may be the best fit leadership style. As mentioned that, When the transactional leader assigns work to a subordinate, the subordinate Is considered to be fully responsible for it, when things go off beam, then the subordinate or follower is considered to be in fault.
It can be concluded that in managing the PCCW/Asiamiles call centre Cathay adopts McGregor (1960) theory X approach and presume that most peoples have to be pushed and controlled with punishment to make them work towards organization goals.
When examine how the national cultures affects leadership, Hofstede's study about national culture can be one of tools to analyze the situation of the call centre. Hofstede is a central figure in the progress of literature on cultural variation and the dimension-based approach to assessing and classifying cultures. His book Cultures' Consequences (1980b) was a major advancement in the application of the culture construct to organizations. Among others, emphasizes that cultural differences are primarily encountered as differences in shared values, with values being defined as ‘‘broad tendencies to prefer certain states of affairs over others.''
Hofstede (1980c)Hofstede (1980c) defines power distance as the scope of how a society acknowledges and allows the fact that power in institutions and organizations is distributed unequally. In cultures with large differences in power between individuals, organizations will typically have more layers and the chain of command is felt to be more important. In line with Hofstede, Schwartz (1999) contrasts hierarchical and egalitarian cultures. The first emphasize the chain of authority and hierarchical structures. An unequal distribution of power and status is legitimate and expected. This represents the disproportion (more versus less) which is from the perspective of below not from above which means a different society's levels are sanctioned by the followers (below) as much as by the leaders (above). Although it is a unchangeable face that power and inequality exist in every society, it is clear some are more uneven than others.
In the case of Hong Kong, as its national culture is mainly influenced by Confucianism, Hofstede's study shows that Hong Kong's Power Distance score is 68 compared to the other Far East Asian countries average of 60. This indicates the existence of inequality of power and wealth within the society. This is not necessarily a challenge condition upon the population, but somewha本论文由英语论文网提供整理,提供论文代写,英语论文代写,代写论文,代写英语论文,代写留学生论文,代写英文论文,留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。