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Abstract:In learning English, many students find it hard to write compositions. Affected bymother language, the students often examine the composition carefully from the angle of Chinese,making some mistakes such as mistakes about vocabulary and grammar and making the informationmisunderstood.

Key words:English; Writing ; Mistake

英语写作是英语语言综合运用能力的重要体现,是衡量学生英语水平的重要标准。[1~3]英语写作难度大,同学们感到句子不好写,容易出错,本文结合一些例子浅析一下写作中常出现的错误,希望能从中得到一些借鉴。

一、词汇错误

(一)词义内涵理解错误(误) I have a good body, so I never catch cold. https://www.51lunwen.org/yyyxlw/2012/0311/1552065084.html 作者想说:“我身体很好,因此从不感冒”。body指的是人的“身躯、身体”(whole physical structure of a human being),而此句汉语中的身体指的是“健康状况”(condition of a per-son's body),所以只有用be in good health才能确切表达“身体好”。因此这句话应改为“I am in good health so I nev-er catch cold.”

(二)词的搭配错误(误) The price of your coat is more expensive than thatof mine.(误) The speed of the car is very fast.汉语中常说“价钱贵、速度快”但在英语习惯中price要与high, low, reasonable等搭配, speed要与high, low搭配。因此上面两句应改为The price of your coat is higherthan that of mine. The speed of the car is very high.

(三)词性使用错误(误) Most people against the proposal.汉语中“反对”是动词,而against在英语中只是一个介词,不能单独作谓语,需和动词结合使用。此句应改为Most people are a-gainst the proposal.

(四)代词使用错误(误) Miss Li teaches our English.此句中teach之后接双宾语,应将our改为宾格us。正确句子为Miss Li teachesus English.(误) The little boy lost her way in the city.代词的“性”前后不一致,应改为The little boy lost his way in thecity.

(五)介词使用错误(误) They went there by their car.介词by用来表示交通、传递等方式时,后面必须接没有冠词或所有格修饰的名词。应改为They went there in their car.或They wentthere by car.[6]

二、语法错误

(一)动词运用过程中的常见错误

1、主谓不一致(误) Tom as well as his classmates like the movie.此句中主语是Tom,不能误认为his classmates,因此谓语应改为likes。整句应改为Tom as well as his classmates likes themovie.(误) 50 kilometers are really a long way for us.英语中,表长度、时间、重量、金钱等名词一般作为一个整体对待,谓语用单数。此句改为50 kilometers is really a long way forus.

2、及物动词与不及物动词混淆使用(误) He has only a small room to live .汉语中可以说“住房子”但英语中应为“住在房子里”即" live in a room"所以此句应改为He has only a small room to live in.

3、动词非谓语形式使用错误(误) Being a hot day, we decided to go for a swim.作状语的分词短语逻辑上的主语要与主句的主语一致,当它们不一致时,分词短语应有自己独立的逻辑主语,即独立主格结构,多用来表时间、条件、原因或伴随情况,因此上句应改为It being a hot day, we decided to go for a swim.

(二)句子主要成分残缺不全(误) Please tell us you saw and heard.句中缺少宾语,应改为Please tell us what you saw and heard.

(三)修饰词错位,不符合英语习惯(误) Do you have else anything to do?句中else一般放在不定代词的后面,所以应改为Do you have anything elseto do?(误) Li Hua very likes the book.应改为Li Hua likesthe book very much..句中应该用very much放在谓语动词后面作状语修饰like。(误) He is enough tall to reach the book on the shelf.句中enough应放在tall之后,所以应改为He is tall enough toreach the book on the shelf.

(四)由汉语思维负迁移造成的种种语言问题[4,5]1、受汉语思维影响,不自觉地把because与so,或al-though与but同时用在一个句子中。(误) Although it is dark, but he goes on working.在这句中,只能使用although和but中之一。应改为Although itis dark, he goes on working.或It is dark, but he goes onworking.2、对应翻译的错误(误) There are some people think we should read exten-sively.一句英语中用了既非并列又没有主从关系的两个动词,这是在使用there be句型中,按照汉语对应翻译常出现的错误。上面句子可改为Some people think we should readextensively.或There are some people thinking we shouldread extensively.或There are some people who think weshould read extensively.[5]

(五)平行结构不对等(误) Li Hua's English is better than anyone else.比较对象要一致。Li Hua's Engli本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。