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Four themes in the developing countries’ position are highlighted.
(i) Theyare留学生论文代写 seeking meaningful improvements in market access for theiragricultural exports.
(ii) They have highlighted the asymmetry of currentWTO obligations under the Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture, andare seeking greater equality of outcomes in the new round.
(iii) Meaningfulconcessions on special and differential treatment will be necessary tosatisfy the interests of both exporters and importers, especially on the scopeto be allowed for tariff protection to domestic food production.
(iv)Innovative and reliable guarantees will need to be provided to the leastdeveloped food importers to protect them against the risk of world pricevolatility.

Introduction
The Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture (URAA) significantly strengthened the disciplines and rules applying to the agricultural trade and domestic support policies of TO Members. Furthermore, Article 20 of the Agreement committed Members one year before the end of its implementation period, i.e. by 1 January 2000, to start negotiations to continue the reform process designed to achieve the long-term objective of substantial progressive reductions in support and protection, resulting in fundamental reform. A Special Session of the WTO Committee on Agriculture was established forth purpose of these negotiations. Its first meeting was held in March 2000 and an interim stock-taking in March 2001. The issues within the built-in agenda include: experience from implementing the reduction commitments under the URAA; the effects of these commitments on world trade in agriculture; non-trade concerns, special and differential treatment (SDT) for developing country members of the WTO and the objective to establish a fair and market-oriented trading system and other objectives mentioned in the Agreement’s preamble; and further commitments necessary to achieve the objectives of the URAA.The Declaration following the Fourth WTO Ministerial Meeting at Doha, Qatar in November 2001 recognized that a large number of proposals had been submitted on behalf of a total of 121 Members at that stage (WTO document WT/MIN(01)/DEC/1).

Agricultural negotiations have now been incorporated into the comprehensive workprogramme agreed at that meeting, the conduct, conclusion and entry into force ofwhich will be treated as part of a single undertaking to be concluded by 1 January 2005.In the case of agriculture, modalities for further commitments are to be established nolater https://www.51lunwen.org/liuxuelunwendx/than 31 March 2003 and participants are to submit their draft Schedules based onthese modalities no later than the date of the Fifth Ministerial Conference. TheMinisterial Declaration specifically identifies commitments aimed at: substantialimprovements in market access; reductions of, with a view to phasing out, all forms ofexport subsidies (though, at the European Union’s insistence, this language does notprejudge the outcome of the negotiations); and substantial reductions in trade-distortingdomestic support. Non-trade concerns are to be taken into account in the negotiations asprovided for in the URAA.

This article discusses the proposals of developing countries in the ongoingnegotiations, based on an analysis of their contributions to the Special Session up to theinterim本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。