摘要:本文是一篇研究自由贸易和自由贸易协定的作业,一直以来自由贸易带动了经济的发展,但是也产生了一些问题,比如失业、产业受到外国竞争对手的攻击和非熟练工人的工资率的下行压力这些问题。
enerally-speaking, globalisation and its free trade agreements facilitate travel and promote cultural exchange between participating nations. The reduction of tariffs increases the frequency of travel and decreases the cost of imported goods that are daily used in the tourism industry. Businesses for food and beverage, accommodation, transportation, recreation, and travel, will benefit from free trade because of the absence of tariffs on goods such as wine, food,motor boats and any other item contrivable.
As more people travel, more jobs will be available in the tourism industry, which will help the economy. Another positive point is that free trade makes it easier for businesses to be transnational, which means that business travel would increase as well as pleasure travel. The tourism industry does not really suffer any drawbacks from free trade, as it becomes easier to travel into, and out of a country.
Graph 2
- Acquisition
5 JOB LOSSES AND OUTSOURCING
Critics of free trade point out economic drawbacks in terms of job losses related to outsourcing strategies. Wages around the world are not equal; many developing countries have no minimum wage laws or minimum wages which in fact are very low when compared to developed countries. (alles doof)(gar nicht) The overall cost of production in the low wage economy are likely to be less than in a higher-wage country which entails outsourcing of production units by companies who see possibilities to maximise profits. Ultimately, this is leading local enterprises (In the economy with the higher wage rate) to shut down resulting in a loss of jobs. (Diesen Part überarbeiten)(überarbeitet)(Aber Fachkr?ftemangel!!!! Regierungen sollten in Bildung investieren!)
In his book 'Take This Job and Ship It,' published in 2006 Sen. Byron Dorgan decribes, '... in this new global economy, no one is more profoundly affected than American workers... in the last five years, we've lost over 3 million U.S. jobs that have been outsourced to other countries, and millions more are poised to leave.'
This statement is supported by data supplied by the Bureau of Labor Statistics in the Federal Reserve.
Graph 3
However, this applies mainly to the manufacturing industry but there is another side of the coin.
Currently Germany suffers due to a lack of highly skilled workers in several industries (engineering, management, IT) what changes the view by pointing out a shift of preferences in labor requirements what also creates opportunities in developed nations. [6]
Referring to a more drastic bone of contention, the UN Special Rapporteur on the Right to Food, Jean Ziegler claims the following:
“ Free trade has nothing to do with freedom nor fairness, that's an enormous lie.
It's the freedom of the predatory animal in the jungle when Nestle for example
takes on an African farmers' syndicate. That's like Mike Tyson going into the ring against
an undernourished Bengali. “
PROTECTIONISM AND SUBSIDIES
A special point of concern for local industries is being undercut by foreign price dumping. Products sold under production cost and solely aimed to bring competitors to its knees are brought up as an argument for tariffs.
In his book “The Choice: A fable of free-trade
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