nd regulatory actions of governments to regulate foreign economic sphere. Consequently, I can identify the main goals of the WTO:
The growth of trade exchange of goods and services;
Reduction of tariff and non-tariff barriers in world trade (the use of tariff protection of the national markets, rather than quantitative restrictions or similar measures);
Activities on the basis of the 'most favoured' principle, i.e., trade without discrimination, which is reached by, on the one hand, MFN principle for export, import and transit operations and related customs duties and charges, and by 'national treatment' principle, i.e., equal treatment of imported and domestic goods in respect of internal taxes and charges, as well as rules governing domestic trading;
Progressive reduction of customs tariffs during rounds of multilateral trade negotiations and their binding to legally formalize the agreed level;
Transparency of trade policies;
Resolving of trade disputes through consultations and negotiations, and in failing to resolve a dispute - through addressing disputes in specially created bodies, etc.
The most important functions of the WTO are the following: monitoring of implementation of agreements and arrangements; conducting of multilateral trade negotiations and consultations between the Members of WTO, resolving of trade disputes; monitoring of national trade policies of member countries, technical assistance for developing countries on matters relating to the competence of the WTO, cooperation with other international organizations, etc. (1)
According to the above-mentioned, I can define the following general advantages from WTO membership on the basis of existing functions and goals:
1. Creation of better access to world markets for goods and services on the basis of predictability and stability in development of trade relations with WTO member countries;
2. Access to the mechanism of the WTO for dispute settlement, which ensures the protection of national interests, if they are infringed by other members, and thus the elimination of discrimination;
3. Ability for implementation of current and strategic trade and economic interests through effective participation in international trade negotiations in the process of creation of new rules for international trade.
Since the early 1990's after the collapse of the Soviet Union's Russia have conducted significant changes and reforms in its economy. So, the next step of the Russian reforms should become inclusion of domestic goods and services in the process international trade on equal terms. Achieving of this goal can be reached by the accession of Russia to the World Trade Organization.
However, there are opinions concerning this step is very complex, because this process of Russian accession to the WTO has been lasting for 20 years (2) in the modern Russian history. But, the supporters of membership of Russia Federation in the WTO consider that such step will be an important stimulus for boost of economic development and for further strengthening of the reform process in the country. At the same time there is also other point of view, according to which, Russia should not tie its hands in the process of conduction of economic policy with any obligations under the WTO, at least, before reaching the
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