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Chapter Two Literature Review

2.1 A Review on Systemic Functional Grammar
It is important to get a glimpse of Systemic Functional Grammar before introducingcohesion theory. Systemic Functional Grammar was founded by famous linguist Halliday whothinks language in use as the subject of research. Systemic Functional Grammar is a kind ofgrammar that states the system of language through description of language functions. Hallidaythinks language is a semiotic system with multiple levels. Only when the study of language isassociated with context of culture, system，ftinction，stratum and context can be realized. Thereare mainly six basic thoughts in Halliday's systemic fiinctional grammar. They are: metafimction，function, system, context and probabilistics. Among them，three metaftmctions of language arefrequently and directly applied to textual analysis. In the following，Halliday's threemetaftmctions will be introduced in detail. Halliday puts out that the feature of language makes people to use language，which meanslanguage must fulfill functions. Although they are various and always changing, we can stillrestore them to several abstract functions which we call metafiinctions. MetafUnction is made upby three aspects: ideational, interpersonal and textual function.
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2.2 A Review on Cohesive Theory
Before reviewing the definition of cohesion and coherence, it is necessary to distinguish thetwo terms text and texture, Halliday&Hasan give such description about text: the word text isused in linguistics to refer to any passage，spoken or written, of whatever length, that does form aunified whole (Halliday & Hasan, 1976). That is to say，"a text can be spoken or written, prose orverse，dialogue or monologue". Second “a text is a unit of language in use”，not a grammaticalunit larger than sentence. Third, "a text is best regarded as a semantic unit: a unit not of form butof meaning". According to this description, we can say “Exit，，and "No smoking" are bothcomplete texts. Text is a synonym of discourse. While texture, according to Halliday & Hasan,refers to the nature of the text. They define "texture" as 'texture is entirely appropriate to expressthe property being a text（2001). It is what distinguishes a text form something that is not a text.Whether or not a set of sentences constitute a text depends to a great extent on cohesive relationthat exists within and between sentences, which creates texture.
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Chapter Three Methodology........ 20
3.1 Research Questions........ 20
3.2 Research Design........ 20
3.2.1 Subjects ........ 20
3.2.2 Instrument ........21
3.2.3 Data Collection.........  21
3.2.4 Data Analysis ........  22
3.3 Pilot Study 25Chapter Four Results and Discussion........     26
4. 1 The Description of Frequency of Each Cohesive Device......... 26
4. 2 The Difference of Cohesive Devices between HG and LG........ 28
4. 3 Use of Cohesive Devices and the Quality of the Students' Writing........ 30
Chapter Five Conclusion ........35
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