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在今天的课上我们将集中学习第16章节，在这个章节里，我们了解到法国的平民阶层发起各种各样的运动，要求去获得更多公民权利以及政治权利。这样的运动已经激起了一场足以改变法国甚至整个欧洲的革命。中产阶级和农民在革命初期得到了很多好处，法国的城市人口领导这个国家建立了共和国政体。整个法国社会都遭受着极其恐怖的镇压。一个冷酷无情的士兵，他的名字叫拿破仑波拿巴，利用了这个机会，发起了一场革命。他随后就建立了以他为中核心的庞大帝国。这次革命的影响以及革命的理想影响到了整个欧洲。拿破仑的军队已经开始了大规模的对外扩张征服。法国革命遗留下来的遗产中，最重要的是这样一种观念：革命可以推翻任何政府，领导人是有德者居之。这样的观念势必会对未来法国的革命产生深远影响。

我们在今天课上讨论1780年到1850年间的工业革命，以及工业革命是如何改变英国经济和社会生活的。由于英国享有很多其他欧洲国家没有的有利条件，以及它已经完成了一次农业革命，使得英国开始进入工业化时代。在工业革命的年代，新型机械和工厂的扩张改变了传统经济模式。

Today in class we focused on chapter 16. In chapter 16 we that when the French Third Estate moved to gain more rights and political power, it had sparked a revolution that changed both France and Europe. The middle class and peasantry benefited from the initial period of the revolution, the French urban population led the country toward an establishment of a republic. The French society suffered a great deal of oppression known as the Terror. A ruthless soldier, by the name of Napoleon Bonaparte, took advantage of the opportunities opened by the revolution. He then created an empire with himself at the head. The influence of the revolution and its ideals had spread far beyond French borders and as a result of the revolution. Napoleon's military had gone on many conquests. The French Revolution left several legacies, of which the most important were the notions that revolution could topple any government and that a charismatic leader could seize power. Both of these ideas would influence future French revolutions. 

The new Britain 
July 24, 2006 

Today in class we discuss the industrial revolution of 1780-1850 and how it transformed the economic and social life in Britain. Industrialization had started because Britain enjoyed the many advantages over the rest of Europe and had already undergone an agricultural revolution. During the Industrial Revolution era, new machines and the expansion of factories changed the traditional economy, mainly based on agriculture and handicrafts that was made. Movements of population spread as industrial cities and towns became more up to date in the country. The industrial wealth translated into Britain's greater power in relations with both European neighbors and non-European societies. Industrialization made the health and living conditions bad in the new cities, especially for the poor, work-related injuries went up and disease spread. The industrialization changed the tradition within the family life and also changed the image of the family as an economic unit. Workers organized unions and thought of themselves as a class in ways they had not. 

French and Industrial Revolution 
July 25, 2006 

Today in class we talked about the political and social changes brought by the French Revolution and Industrial Revolution. The powers of the European conservatism tried to hold them back. Austria, Prussia, and Russia were especially intent on preserving monarchies and political power in the hands of the traditional ruling class. The Congress of Vienna, had reflected their conservative view of the international political order, European leaders also faced threats to the domestic political, social, and economic order. Ideologies of liberalism, socialism, and nationalism had arisen as a consequence of thes本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。