optimal tourist satisfaction' (Wahab, Crampon and Rothfield, 1976, cited in Pike & Page, 2014: 204). In this current increasingly globalized and competitive market, destination marketing is recognized as a pillar of growth and sustainability of tourist destinations (UNWTO, 2011). Destination marketing is related to activities associated with distribution of products to potential target markets by focusing on responding to consumer demands and competitive positioning (UNWTO, 2004).
Destination - Barcelona
Barcelona is among the world's main urban tourist destinations (TurismeBcn, 2015), an unexpected success which continues to break records in spite of the economic crises (TurismeBcn, 2015). In 1992 Barcelona hosted the Olympic Games which resulted in a steady growth in tourist numbers and the development of the citizen based city model. The 90's Games enabled resources to be raised to turn the model into reality, while providing the city with the best global publicity campaigns (TurismeBcn, 2015). In October 2008, Barcelona City Council drew up a Municipal Action Programme (MAP) for the period of 2008-2011 with the mission to strengthen the cities appeal as a tourist destination and its position worldwide; highlighting the features that set the destination apart and boosting tourism quality (TurismeBcn, 2015).
Marketing Provisions
The current marketing provisions for Barcelona include various methods of tourism destination advertising, online personal selling,
public relationships, direct marketing, sponsoring events and/or sales promotional activities. Tourism destination advertising is considered one of the most visible and significant marketing practices used to attract tourists to a destination (Choe, Stienmetz and Fesenmaier, 2017). Barcelona has been using promotional campaigns for advertising via Television adverts, social media and YouTube to reach a wider audience.
Marketing Mix
Authors Kotler and Keller defined marketing an organizational function and a set of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its stakeholders' (Kotler & Keller, 2009). McCarthy elaborated on the most well-known marketing implementation tool in 1960, the marketing mix consisting of the four P's (Appendix 2). The marketing mix tool is implemented in marketing of the majority of various sized business. Due to the progressive broadening of the marketing concept, marketing has been applied to geographical entities arising the concept of destination marketing (Balaencourt and Zafra, 2012). In destination marketing 'the product' is a service which consists of five specific characteristics intangibility, perishability, variability, inseparability and lack of ownership (Cowell, 1984 Appendix 3). According to Pike (2004) DMO's have no control over pricing and place, however they institute measures to monitor perceptions of value held by the target market.
Promotional mix
Marketing campaign
Turespaña launched the current new digital media campaign 'Spain Addict' in 2010; merely part of the larger campaign 'I Need Spain' (Hosteltur Special WTM 2011). I Need Spain was launched within the framework of Turespaña's global marketing
strategy campaign, whose main objective is to reposition the Spain tourism brand and make it a unique, aspirational, experientia
本论文由英语论文网提供整理,提供论文代写,英语论文代写,代写论文,代写英语论文,代写留学生论文,代写英文论文,留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。