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A review of: “The European Software Sectoral System of Innovation”-Innovation and the Knowledge Economy

论文作者:留学生论文网论文属性:本科毕业论文 Thesis登出时间:2011-11-09编辑:anterran点击率:4363

论文字数:2400论文编号:org201111090900563615语种:英语 English地区:英国价格:$ 55

关键词:reviewThe European Software Sectoral SystemInnovationInnovationthe Knowledge EconomyThe University of Manchester

摘要:A review of: “The European Software Sectoral System of Innovation”-Innovation and the Knowledge Economy-Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Ch6 Submitted 28 November 2010 By Submitted to Dr. Andy McMeekin Innovation and the Knowledge Economy Manchester Business School The University of Manchester

A review of: “TheEuropean Software Sectoral System of Innovation”

W. Edward Steinmueller

Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Ch6

Submitted
28 November 2010
By
                 
Submitted to
Dr. Andy McMeekin
Innovation and the Knowledge Economy
Manchester Business School
The University of Manchester
Content
Part 1: Summary………………………………………………...….page 2
Part 2: Discussion……………………………………………..……page 5
Reference……………………………………………………..….…page 9

Part1 Summary
According to Mowery (1996), the global software industry is a large and dynamic market. European companies and individuals were estimated to gain total revenue of 47.9 billion in 2000 and are expected to expand in a fast speed in the near future (European Information Technology Observatory [EITO], 2001). The purpose of the essay is to identify the interest for the European stakeholders and discover the opportunities and constrains of the emerging software market (e.g., open source and embedded software).
The nature of the software is a collection of instructions designed for computers to implement. The character of the software means it can be pre-packaged, constructed and served where it is consumed in the market. Three issues, based on the character of the software, shape the creation and trade in the software market. First, the software was “sold” as a commodity not until recently. The emergence of the PC provided a mass market for software trade and application. According to the data, Europe consumes more than produce in this market (relative share of receipts of 88 percent and 12 percent respectively). Second, a lower bound on the size of the employment in software industry is given (2 million employees and 1.35 percent of total European Union employment) although it is difficult to estimate the number of employee whose job involve software creation. More importantly, investment in outsourcing such as IT services shows larger amount (about 80 percent) than the investment in direct software products. Third, the boundary between operating system and application software has become less separate in the development. Software producers have an incentive through horizontal and vertical integration to reach a new market or provide more functionality.

 

Reference
European Information Technology Observatory (2001), EITO 2001, European Information Technology Observatory, Frankfurt
Mowery, D.C. (ed.) (1996), the International Computer Software Industry: A Comparative Study of Industry Evolution and Structure, Oxford University Press, Oxford
Kratochvíl, Milan, and Carson, Charles. 2005. Growing modular-Mass Customization of Complex Products, Services and Software. New York: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Baldwin, Carliss Y. & Clark, Kim B. Managing in the Age of Modularity. Harvard Business, Review v. 75, i. 5, Sep/Oct 1997
Steinmueller, E., 2004, The European Software Sectoral System of Innovation. In: Marlerba, F., ed. 2004. Sectoral System of Innovation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Ch6
Lundvall, Bengt-AKe, 1985. Product Innovation and User-Producer Interaction. Aalborg: Aalborg University Press
Freeman, C., Network of Innovators: A Synthesis of Research Issues (1991). Research Policy, Vol. 20, Issue 5, p. 499-514 1991.
Furht, Borko, 2010. Handbook of Cloud Computing. London: Springer New York Dordrecht Heidelberg London
Hickey, Andrew, R., 2010. Cloud C论文英语论文网提供整理,提供论文代写英语论文代写代写论文代写英语论文代写留学生论文代写英文论文留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。

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