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引言：

千禧年伊始见证了伊斯兰人金融产品的迅速发展。专业的银行家和伊斯兰教法专家已经屏住呼吸，用尽全身力气来发明新的伊斯兰金融产品。这些产品有些是模仿，有些代替了传统市场上单一基于利益的合同，急于达到填写所有空白，满足所有财政需要的目的。

但是这也并不是一个不健康的市场迹象，因为它表明了伊斯兰财政市场和想法的富有生机和蓬勃发展。研究伊斯兰融资模式给目前这个金融产品增长运动所提供的关于风险缓减的方法和过程是有必要的。

目前这个论文着眼于研究关于伊斯兰财政方面的风险管理安排和工具，可能它们来源于伊斯兰教法公理和交规，尤其是关于新产品。它将处理第三方保证、主要保险、扩大返回和伊斯兰金融固定的问题，并给出一些关于新的伊斯兰金融产品的集成风险缓减的方法。

本论文包括两个部分。在第一部分，我将要讨论伊斯兰金融产品的基础和所含风险。我认为这些伊斯兰金融产品的风险是伊斯兰金融合同本质的直接结果，转而是基于瑞芭的禁止和隐含意义上。我也会探讨替代融资合同的特征和古典金融合约的风险。在第二部分，将讨论关于伊斯兰金融产品风险缓减的方法，特别是存在于古典伊斯兰文学及其混合应用的金融产品。

The beginning of the millennium witnesses fast development in Islamic finance products. Professional bankers and Shariah specialists have been breathlessly racing to invent new Islamic financial products that mimic or replace every single interest-based contract that comes in the conventional market in a rushing attempt to fill in all gaps and satisfy every financing need that may be thought of.

While this is not an un-healthy sign as it indicates vividness and growth in the Islamic financial market and thinking, it is necessary to investigate the means and processes of risk mitigation that the Islamic financing paradigm offers to help this ever growing movement of financial products creation.

The present paper aims at studying the risk management arrangements and tools in Islamic finance as may be derived from the Shariah axioms and rulings, especially in relation to new products. It will deal with the issues of third party guarantee, principal insurance and return broadening and fixation in Islamic finance and suggest methodology of integrating risk mitigation within new Islamic financing products.

The paper consists of two sections. In Section One I will discuss the foundation of Islamic financial products and the risks involved. I will argue that risks of Islamic financial products are an immediate outcome of the nature of the Islamic finance contracts, these, in turn are based on the prohibition of Riba and its implications. I will therefore study the General characteristics of financial products in Shari’ah, the rationale of the prohibition of Riba and the objectives “the Maqasid” of this prohibition; I will also discuss the characteristics of the Alternative financing contracts and the kind of Risk profile of classical financial Contracts. Section Two will discuss Risk Mitigation methodologies in Islamic Financial products especially those that exist in the classical Shariah literature and their application in hybrid Islamic financial products.

Section One

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