英语论文网

Abstract
A good mastery of English has become a must for all the students in China because of frequent communication between countries. It is easy for the students to get access to English. And our country lays stress on fostering English talents. But the present situation of English learning is that many people have labored on it but only to find it is a waste of time and energy. This thesis analyzes the factors affecting the English learning which are social context, the distinction between these two languages and the students’ goals and motivations. With Bernard Spolsky’s theory, the author explains the most important conditions for second language learning: social context, cultural background, exposure condition and native pronunciation condition. He insists that learners should pay special attention to language transfer and intercultural communication. Besides, a good attitude is crucial. Available resources are also of great help to create good conditions for English learning in Chinese context.
Key Words
Chinese context; conditions; second language learning; language transfer
摘　要
由于国际间的交流日益频繁，中国学生必须很好地掌握英语这门语言。目前，学生们接触英语的机会很多，而且我们国家也花了大量的人力、物力，着重培养英语人才。然而，学生们英语学习的进展却不尽人意，许多人花了大力气学英语，最后却发现它既费时，又费力。本文主要分析了影响英语学习的重要因素：社会环境、两种语言间的差异，学生学习英语的本论文由英语论文网 www.51lunwen.org整理提供目的与动机。根据斯波尔斯基的《第二语言学习条件》理论可知,中国学生在学习英语过程中受汉语环境的影响颇深，缺乏英语语言环境。要克服这种影响，学习者首先要注意语言的迁移作用和跨文化的交流，其次要端正学习的态度，树立可达到的目标，最后尽可能利用现有的的资源创造适合学习英语的条件。

Introduction
English plays a very important role in every area of the society. Whether you are a teacher or a student, a farmer or a worker, a leader or a member, you have relations with English. In the long history, English has developed its individual uniqueness and it is easy to be adopted in most nations. Naturally, English has become the global language gradually and has its irreplaceable function and position. In another word, owing to its broad influence, the earth is becoming smaller and smaller. English, as an important tool, has a special function in the communications of all nations. It is estimated about 700 million to 800 million people can speak English. Apart from 400 million native speakers, the others are using English in different ways to different extent. At present up to 300 million people are learning English in China, and there are still more and more people joining the group of English learning. And the number of English learners is increasing rapidly.
However, among the English learners, not many have learned English well enough to communicate with English speakers. Both educators and linguistics are showing their concern about second language. Some are research into the English teaching methodology (the Grammar- translation Method, the Direct Method, the Oral Approach, the Audio-lingual Method, the Cognitive Approach, the Natural Approach, the Communicative Approach, etc.); some are analyzing relationship between psychology and second language acquisition( Sandra Lee Mckay, Nancy H. Hornberger, etc.), still some others are studying the way to learn English or a second language ( Bernard Spolsky, Claire Kranmsh, Elli Hinkel, Rod Ellis, etc.). At home, Yu Liming is studying language transfer, and Sun Mianzhi is exploring Chinese context and English learning. Indeed, teaching methodology, psychology and contexts affect the learning process.
Ⅰ. Actuality of English Learning in China
With the opening and reforming, English has been an important course in schools. More and more