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摘要：After a documentation of sexism, the thesis traces the reasons for the occurrence of sexism in English. In nature, sexism in language reflects sexism in society. The two are closely related. Social connotations of sexism in English tell the relationship between phenomenon of sexism in language and essence of sexism in society. Specifically, the Christian tradition in the West is man-centered and sex-biased.

英语中的性别歧视现象 Analysis of sexism in English language

Chapter One
Introduction
      A major issue in the area of sociolinguistics is the relationship between language and gender. It is a popular issue in the area of sociolinguistics, as well as a young subject in the linguistic field. It did not come into being until the end of the 1960s. But actually, people had shown concern for language and gender long before sociolinguistics appeared as a discipline. In the eighteenth century, Welsh linguist Jones(quoted in秦秀白，1996) studied male and female language and claimed that the key to the mystery of language is the Old Testament from the Bible. He concluded from his study that it is an undeniable fact that women are inferior to men, and all the inequalities in languages are absolutely just. Most other researches in this field, like Jones', take a matter-of-fact attitude as well.
      Since the early twentieth century, especially since the feminist movement inthe 1960s which originated in America and then spread all over the world, there have been changes of attitudes towards the language and sex issue. For example, in Gilman's The Man-Made World(1911), he seriously criticizes the patriarchal structure of international social and economic systems. In the chapter on literature, she criticizes the fact that `men have been accepted as humanity, and women but a side-issue'.Woolf writes generally about language and sex in A Room of One's Own(1929). Yet the work that has had direct linguistic impact on the systematic study of sex and language is Lakoff's Language and Women's Place(1975). It gives linguistically specific accounts which turn the study in this area notably to a reexamination of both the differences between men's and women's language and to the continued assumption that men's language constitutes the norm while women are prejudiced against in English. Lakoff points out in the book: "We will find, I think,
that women experience linguistic discrimination in two ways: in the way they aretaught to use language and in the general way language use treats them.' She further addresses that both tend to relegate women to certain subservient functions: that of sex object, or servant. The influence of Lakoff's book can never be over evaluated for it has aroused the interest of many other linguists in the study of sex issues. Bolinger's two books Aspects of Language(1968), and The Loaded Weapon(1980), and Schulz's The Semantic Derogation(1975) cannot but yield the same result: Language is sexist.

Bibliography
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Baron, D. (1986). Grammar and gender. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
Barrie, T., and Nancy, H.(eds). (1975). Language and Sex: Drence and Dominance. Rowly, Mass: Newbury House
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Does sex-Biased job advertising 'aid and abet' discrimination? Journal ofApplied Social Psychology, 3(1), 6-18.
Bodine, A. (1975). Androcentrism in prescriptive grammar: singular `they', sex indefinite and `he or she'. Language in Society, 4, 129-146.
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