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Chapter One Introduction

1.1 Background of the Research
Different cultures live together and influence each other.Cross-cultural communication across the world is becoming more and more important,which is playing an important role in enhancing people's mutual understanding. With theBeijing 2008 Olympic Games and the Shanghai World Expo successfully hosted, a greatnumber of foreigners are pouring into China, which has raised a wave of learning English.Not only the well-educated university students, but also many average people areoccupying their spare time on English. It is estimated that about 300 million Chinese arelearning English and over one million of our young people are studying abroad. It is littlewonder that English, as an international language being widely used throughout the world，is the very bridge that connects the Chinese with people around the world. When wecommunicate with people from the English culture，we are not only affected by thedifferences of language, but also disturbed by the differences of culture. Culturaldifferences in religion, ethnic，economy and politics have become great obstacles tointercultural communication. Misunderstandings among people from different cultures arealmost inevitable.

不同的文化生活在一起，相互影响。世界各地的跨文化交际变得越来越重要，这是提高人民的相互了解发挥了重要作用。随着北京2008年奥运会和上海世博会的成功举办，大量外国人涌入中国，这已经升起了一股学习英语。不仅受过良好教育的大学生，但也有许多普通人占用他们的业余时间英语。据估计，约有300万中国人在学习英语和一百多万青年人在国外留学。这也就难怪，英语作为一种国际语言，在世界各地被广泛使用，是非常的桥梁，连接中国与世界各地的人们。英语文化与人沟通时，我们不仅受到了差异的语言，但还感到不安的文化差异。在宗教，民族，经济，政治文化差异已经成为跨文化交流的巨大障碍。来自不同文化背景的人之间的误解几乎是不可避免的。

Euphemism, as a linguistic phenomenon, exists in each language, which plays a keyrole in lubricating our communication and keeping good interpersonal relationship.Nowadays, modem civilization and the need for people to maintain sound social relationshave triggered the increase of euphemisms in number and in frequency. Euphemism seemsto occupy more and more slices of our life and our language with regard to almost everyaspect of social and individual daily life. In spite of the universal existence in languages,euphemisms are not identical in different languages，because euphemism is influenced andshaped by the cultural tradition or social values of a particular society. There are manydifferences between Chinese and English euphemisms due to the different beliefs, socialvalues, customs, life-styles and behaviors of the two different cultures. What is forbiddenor what is offensive varies from culture to culture. So in cross-cultural English-speakingcommunication，using and understanding euphemistic expressions appropriately is a littledifficult for Chinese learners of English. In the light of the situation stated above，it isnecessary to enhance the pragmatic competence of Chinese learners of English in using and understanding euphemistic expressions in cross-cultural communication.
The English lecture felt puzzled why that student told her that he was a teacher but atthe same time denied it. In fact，the puzzlement is caused by the use of the word ‘teacher,，which is an address term in Chinese, but not in English. It is no wonder that the Englishlecture said ‘Where do you teach?’ for she interpreted ‘teacher’ as a self-introduction, notan address term. Most occupational titles can be used as address terms in Chinese. In Gu'sopinion, addressing others in their occupational titles can be seen as being essentially anexpression of linguistic politeness. A fai本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。