英语论文网

up, such as teenagers. Particular social groups people outside can't fully understand the slang. Slang of intimacy and solidarity of people use it. Besides that, colloquial slang is a broad concept, because it is not strictly local aboriginal languages. On the contrary, it is a hybrid language and often with foreign words permeates material. Slang is not live long, is used to specify the group and the group. In this respect, sometimes, slang is used to display the group between members of the unity, intimacy, and then he distinguishes between general and specific forms of slang（Cook, 2013）. Generally the use of slang used to violate standard is not limited to organizations; however, the specific use slang people common age and experience like college students.In addition, Slang is not a new phenomenon; in 19th century it became a part of life of the modern cities and a part of modern society in general. It was the era between 1940s and 1950s, when young people started displaying great differences in their manner of dress, hairstyles and speech from the previous generations; this developed into Britain as Teenage Revolution or Movement, then this concept spread across America and to other neighboring countries to show youth as individuals should be recognized as a subculture with their own rights and rules. Some studies have been carried out on the use of slang stresses on novelty of slang and state that slang words apparently exist for a shorter time because they are either replaced by another term or provide a synonym for a word already existing in slang or they can disappear and appear again corresponding to the current fashion style. Speakers may use slang to show their belonging to a group and establish solidarity or intimacy with the other group members. Furthermore, the author claims that some slang words are detected in any dictionary but their meanings do not match with the literal meanings because they depend on the place where they exist in a sentence.

Case study 案列分析

In the process of the language learning, the novel called “The Catcher in the Rye”, applied in the process of the language learning.
The corpus of this study is a body of slangs in dialogues extracted fromSalinger's ―The Catcher in the Rye” with twoPersian renderings, one by Najafi (first edition in 1984 and the eighth edition in 2010) and the other by Karimi (firstedition in 2002 and the eighth edition in 2010). The aim of this study is to investigate the extent to which slangs in dialogues are maintained in translation using themodel proposed by Venuti. Based on the direction of data analysis, English text with its two renderings was thoroughlyread in a way that the unit of analysis was a paragraph as a context. Then, 40 challengeable dialogue items wererandomly selected and discussed. The next step was determination of the translators' strategies to translate the items intoPersian; for this purpose, Venuti's (1995) theory of translation was selected as the theoretical framework of the study. AbolhassanNajafi is an Iranian writer and translator and a member of the Iranian Academy. He is the author of Farhang-e Farsi-ye Amiyane, a dictionary published by Niloofar Publishers in 2008. According to Bateni (2008), citations and examples were derived from sources of the past 80 years. Bateni believes that although this book is not an appropriate alternative for general Persian dictionaries but sometimes it is bad