摘要:本文是英语语言学论文,笔者认为人们对禁酒运动并不是因为它是一个重大的历史事件的关注,而且还因为它是当时一个严重的社会问题。在中国,对禁酒运动是为了本身的课题的进一步深入研究,或相关的各种问题在社会转型的现阶段,或吸取教训,应该是很有意义的。
nineteenth century and the dawn of the twentieth century,swelling industrialization, urbanization, and sharp influx of immigrants concernedmany protestants that their traditional puritan ethics and religious values were beingverged, and during the century leading up to the Prohibition, most of the public hadbeen convinced that imbibing not only damaged the physical and mental health ofdrinkers, but also resulted in many other problems, including splintered families, highviolence rates, corrupted political environment, and unstable social orders and so on.Through a wide range of reform activities to improve their social, economic, andmoral situations, the era of economic, social, and moral upheaval, prompted the SocialGospel movement, which tried to turn their corrupted, messy society back to the righttrack.
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Chapter Two Industrialization and Urbanization ..... 26
2.1 General Social Problems Brought by Industrialization and Urbanization ...... 27
2.1.1 Confusion Caused by Rapidly Industrial Society ..... 27
2.1.2 Social Ills wrought by Rapidly Industrial Society .... 29
2.2 Taverns and Saloons Built in Rapidly Industrial Society .......... 32
2.2.1 Proliferation of Taverns and Saloons .......... 32
2.2.2 Social Problems Caused by Taverns and Saloons ..... 35
Chapter Three New Immigrants ...... 41
3.1 New Immigrants.......... 41
3.2 Social Problems Intensified by New Immigrants ........ 46
3.2.1 General Social Problems Caused by New Immigrants .... 46
3.2.2 Drinking Customs Worsened by “New Immigrants” ....... 48
Chapter Three New Immigrants
Since the mid-nineteenth century, the immigration into America had some newchanges. Many “new immigrants” from the eastern and southern Europe, who wereaddicted and tolerant towards liquor, flooded into America. These post-Civil Warwaves of Catholic and southern European immigrants suffered from no such religiousor cultural stigmas against alcohol, and the freer drinking among them allowedself-styled “100 percent Americans.” (Books 28) To some extent, the sharp increase ofliquor consumption was led by these groups of “new immigrants”. Many people of theMidwest and South saw the cities of the East, and the largely Catholic (Jewish)immigrants who lived in these cities, as a threat to their traditional Protestant,small-town values. The intense contrast between independent yeoman farmers and theunwashed new immigrants became more and more severe. The significant differencesbetween “new” and “old”, and scores of social problems brought by “new immigrants”became an important impetus for the culmination of the prohibition movement.
3.1 New Immigrants
As is known to all, America is a country of immigrants, mainly from the easternand northern European countries. Before the outbreak of the WWI, immigrants werethe most significant force for the building and development of the country. Duringthe late mid-nineteenth century, a new tide of immigrants poured into America, notonly in its number, but also its countries, which caused a huge shock to the originalAmerican society. This represented several long-standing, deep-rooted conflictswithin American society, the most basic of which were stereotype conflictions: thevirtuous, independent “yeoman farmers” and small-town citizens versus the unwash
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