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在18世纪的英国，因为政治，经济和技术的成熟而成为世界上最先进的工业国。英国文学因为上述三个主要因素也得到了快速的发展。十八世纪的英国社会和文化生活都和启蒙运动有着千丝万缕的联系。启蒙运动是十八世纪的主要哲学和社会思想，它促进资产阶级意识形态的形成。十八世纪上半叶的新古典主义与启蒙运动的核心思想和理性主义统治了英国文坛，并导致英国散文的繁荣和英语小说的兴起。

In the 18th century England became the most advanced industry country of the world because of the maturity of the politics, economy and the technology. The British literature also got a fast development just because of the above three main factors. In the Eighteenth-century British social and cultural life were inextricably linked to the Enlightenment Movement. The Enlightenment was the main philosophy and social thought of the eighteenth century, and it was to promote the bourgeois ideology. In the first half of the eighteenth century the new classicism with the core ideas of the Enlightenment and rationalism ruled the British literary scene, and resulted in the flourish of English prose and the rise of English novels. The creation of the poems also showed the characteristics of prose. By the latter half of the eighteenth century, neo-classical ideas began to decline and the sentimentalism started to be popular in English literature. In this thesis, through the introduction of the representative works of the 18th century England, from the poetry, essay, novel to the drama, and from the point of Taine’s literature is largely the product of author’s time and society, we can see that the prosperity of the 18th century English literature was closely related to the society of that time.

关键词：18世纪;英国文学;繁荣;社会
Keywords: 18th century; English Literature; Prosperity；Society

I. Introduction 引言

18世纪的英国从经济到军事都是非常繁荣的，及其社会的繁荣也影响了英国文学。首先，18世纪是一个相对和平的时期。这一时期的斗争，主要是自由派和保守党之间的斗争。
The 18th century England was very prosperous from economy to military, and its society’s prosperity also influenced the English literature. First, the 18th century was a comparatively peaceful period. The struggle in this period was mainly between the liberal Wigs and the conservative Tories. The two main parties were so well balanced that power shifted easily from one to another, so both of them hired many talented pamphleteers to beat each other.
Second, the social life was also rapidly developed during that time, many public coffeehouses and private clubs appeared, nearly all writers went there and matters discussed there became subjects of literature.
Third, economic growth in England soared around 1780 and the ensuing industrial revolution in the late 18th century transformed everyday life in Britain. Because of the industrial revolution, England began the mechanization industry.
Fourth, the most important movement in this period was known as the Enlightenment. It was an expression of struggle of the then progressive class of bourgeoisie against feudalism. In this movement, there was an optimistic belief that the humanity itself could be improved if the logic and reason were used in everything. The writers in this period rejected the untested beliefs, superstition and barbarization embraced the literary form of Greek-Roman. They used their works to satire and ridicule the illogical mistakes in the society and government. With the development o本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。