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’s gesture on purpose. Each time he puts his hand over his heart involuntarily, he suffers a lot and tortures a lot in heart by himself, Chillingworth and his love to Hester. He is a person to teach people, and should not commit the adultery. He undergoes the tragic experience of physical and spiritual disintegration. He imprints the stigma of the scarlet letter “A” on the flesh above his heart. Finally his conscience compels him to confess in public that he is the partner of Hester and father of Pearl. Though he is a coward, he is an honest man, which tells people to be true, honest and ever ready to show their worst to the outside world.

2.3 Pearl---a more vivid living scarlet letter “A”
Pearl is “a lovely and immortal flower, out of the rank luxuriance of a guilty passion.” Therefore, she is another token of the scarlet letter “A”. She is innocent, but can distinguish the good from the bad. Her existence compels her parents to face reality. Pearl’s questions are innocent, appropriate and cruel. Her behaviours never deviate from the control of the letter “A”. Her clothes, as well as her looks, are related to it. When she sees her mother throw away the letter “A”, she is furious until her mother takes up the letter “A”, fastens it again into her bosom. Though the scarlet letter is the symbol of original sin, it reflects the actual state of human being in the girl’s innocent eyes. She refuses to receive a hypocritical father until he confesses in public. Her mission is to bring her parents’ adultery before the readers’ eyes and to force her mother to suffer a lot from the punishment while she is being brought up happily. She is considered as an angel sent by God to make Hester think of women’s fate. She also symbolizes the beginning of happy life as well as the sign of new civilization, new morality and new order.

2.4 Roger Chillingworth---the champion of the scarlet letter “A”
Roger Chillingworth, an old scholar, Hester’s husband, is the champion of the scarlet letter “A” and the apologist of Puritan. Before learning her wife’s adultery, he has natural character. Being a doctor, he is helpful and ready to help others. After his arrival to New England, when he witnesses his wife in pillory standing on the scaffold, wearing a scarlet letter “A” on her breast and holding her illicit child in her arms, he doesn’t show any sympathy for her but remarks, “A wise sentence! Thus she will be a living sermon against sin until the ignominious letter be engraved upon her tombstone.” He is selfish, though he knows that he is old, ugly, and that it is a mistake to marry Hester. He is also cruel and evil in the inner world. Being determined to find out who her lover is, the old scholar disguises himself as a physician and changes his name to Roger Chillingworth. When he gradually discovers the villain is no other but the much admired brilliant young clergyman, Arthur Dimmesdale, he keeps preying on him until the poor man is tormented to death.
Chillingworth commits “the unpardonable sin”, as Hawthorne said. Although the characters Arthur Dimmesdale and Hester Prynne, even the author himself recognized that Chillingworth is the genuine criminal, but from the whole content, he is also a victim, whose wife has committed adultery, furthermore, he has left great inheritance in Britain and US to the wife and “his” daughter. From mentioned above, he is not necessarily a criminal, but a “responsib