赏析经典文学作品《伊利亚特》中男女性角色的差异
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摘要:本文主要叙述分析了《伊利亚特》古希腊经典文学作品中男性和女性角色的不同特质。这是一部直接描写特洛伊战争的英雄史诗。诗中男性是勇猛的是至高无上的,而女性被当做是战利品,附属物一般,没有地位没有权利说与做自己所想,被男性支配统治着,这无疑是一部专注于男性角色的关于战争的史诗。
赏析经典文学作品《伊利亚特》中男女性角色的差异
随着对女性抱怨她们的社会处境问题的极大关注,女性在社会中的地位已经改变,她们在社会中扮演着所有重要角色,促进了社会的持续发展。纵观历史长河中,女人们担任着各种社会职务。传统上来说,自古以来男性都被认为有着明显的优势。荷马的《伊利亚特》就很好的说明了那时的男性支配女性。在《伊利亚特》中女性角色形象就如战利品一样,无论她们说什么或者做什么都不会影响到以任何方式发生的事情。
在《伊利亚特》中女性所代表的角色都是次要的。关键是《伊利亚特》是一首描绘特洛伊之战中有关男人们战斗的诗,而女人甚少被提及。正如特洛伊王子赫克托所说,战争是男人们的事。不尽如此,女人被视为财产,只简单用于对孩子们的教养和在家做家务:“至于那个女孩(克律塞伊斯),我是不会释放她的。……她将会在我的房子里,那个她日夜工作的织布机前和侍奉我的床上逐渐老去”。这样被限制的环境下,她们就像财产一样被获取被给予。女人被形容为无论是身体上还是思想上都需要依赖男人。
Classic English Literature Essay
The essence of women in the society has been addressed with utter concern following the fact that despite their plight in the society, they play all major roles, which enhance the continuation of the society. Throughout the course of
history, women have held a variety of roles in society. Traditionally men have been perceived to have a significant degree of superiority since the ancient times. Homer’s “The Iliad” is a perfect example of men’s dominance over women in that time. Female characters in “The Iliad” are like trophies, and what they do or say does not affect what happens in any important way.
The role of women represented in “The Iliad” is peripheral. The matter is that “The Iliad” is a poem about the Trojan War and about men who fought in it and women appear in the poem very rarely. As the Trojan prince Hector says, war is men’s business. What is more, women are treated as property and were simply used for children’s upbringing and work within a house: “As for the girl [Chryseis], I shall not release her. […] Old age will come upon her in our house […] where she will work at the loom and serve my bed” (Homer 4). Limited by such circumstances, they were given and taken as if they were belongings. Women are described as dependent on men both physically and intellectually. However, they are of crucial importance for the plot of the poem. Elena’s abduction by the Trojan prince Paris has brought the war. In addition to this, the kidnapping of the other women – Briseis,- lays the foundation for the specific development of events in “The Iliad” when Achilles’ passion and anger when Briseis is stolen from him is one of the major themes. Furthermore, Agamemnon, the Greek commander, being forced to free his slave Chryseis at first menaced the hero. Thereafter, he captured Briseis from Achilles in the form of compensation: “Just as Phoibos Apollo is taking Chryseis from me […] so I shall the beautiful Briseis, your prize, going myself to fetch her from your hut, so you can fully realize how much I am your superior” (Homer 7). As a result, Achilles abandons the Greek army and threatens possible victory of his compatriots: “the accursed anger which brought uncounted anguish in the Achaians and hurled down to Hades many mighty souls of heroes” (Homer 3). Putting it into other words, women determine the course of plot in the poem. In spite of this fact, they are perceived as property, stolen goods but not as human beings. For example, Briseis is awarded to Achilles in the quality of prize and has become a symbol of status. What is more, being passed from Achilles to Agamemnon she has become a means of defining the relationship between these two Greeks. The example of Briseis and Chryseis was the reminder of what would happen if the Greeks succeeded in capturing Troy.
There is more complex and at the same time interesting hero in the poem than Briseis or
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