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摘要：It is necessary to implement place promotion strategy connecting with the local social constructions. Moreover, it is significant for tourist destinations to create specific tourism image or meaning in order to attract the tourists in the world. The place promotion can be assessed according to the consumption of local society.

d, or need not be at all as it is. X, or X as it is at present, is not determined by the nature of thins; it is not inevitable. (Hacking 1999)

Besides, there are two other claims that usually can be used to define the phrase “social construction”, although they are not applied always.

(2) X is quite bad as it is.
(3) It would be much better off if X were done away with, or at least radically transformed. (Hacking 1999)

This is to say, in the opinion of author, if anything can be defined to be socially constructed, it depends on our society. It is not a creation of nature that does not depend on human beings. It exists because we build it. However, we do not have to build it, which is the same as Hacking said: it is not inevitable. (Hacking 1999). At least, it does not need to build in the present form or some specific form. If we are in a different form of society with different cultures, values and needs, we can certainly create something different or create it in a different way.

There are two levels of understanding. Firstly, the objects are totally created by human beings. We take the representative money as an instance. The meanings and functions of it are given by human beings by virtue of (i) collectively willing and intending (ii) to impose some particular function (purpose for which), (iii) by constitutive rules atop the "brute facts." (Searle 1995) Another level concerns something that exists naturally but defined with new social meanings by society. The most obvious phenomenon is gender. Human beings exist as two genders which are male and female before civilization. However, the different divisions of labors and different roles of society between male and female come from social consciousness, which is nurtured by society rather not nature.
Comparison with Image Research
What is Image Research
The social construction of tourism destination introduces psychological components and cultural context into tourism research. However, before that, the image study has been for a long time as the dominant tourism research theory. For example, Mayo 1973 and Gartner & Hunt 1987, and the way that images are communicated, for example, Britton 1979; Cohen 1989; Bhattacharyya 1997.

The images study, according to Echtner and Ritchie (1991), use a wide range of characteristics and standards to measure the tourism destination such as the view, climate, facilities and etc.
Comparison between Social Construction and Image Research
(1) By exploring the more tangible physical components of place perception, the psychological components of affective response have been ignored by tourism image research (Walmsley & Young 1998). The focus of tourism image research has been understandably pragmatic and marketing based (Reilly 1990). As a result, this work has operated within the parameters of the place-construction process, and has not sought a broader understanding of mechanisms beyond the improvement of marketing strategies (Hall 1997). That demonstrates the image study are goal-orientated (making places economically successful), rather than process-orientated (understanding the dynamics of place production and consumption). (Young 1999)

(2) Another week point concerning image study research that it does not include the cultural context of the image creation and communication process for an impr本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。