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外包对美国经济的影响

在如今全球商业竞争环境中，公司企业必须懂得创新适应新的战略模式，争创收益、提升价值以保持市场竞争力。企业已经接受外包原则理念，并且通过外包帮助自身拓展新市场。外包使美国跨国公司减少成本的同时在全球市场形成有效竞争力。通过使用不断扩增外包的方式对短期的增长是有利的，而对于低薪税收和投资优惠的发展中国家来说，这将大大化解美国享有的竞争优势。这种外包方式改变了历史经济模式的规模，外包产生的结果是无形隐性的交易成本开支对美国经济带来沉重负担。依附高科技发展的新兴公司的竞争优势也会被逐渐侵蚀，使发展中国家能够与美国直接抗衡。

经济学家认为外包是国际贸易的一种新形式。比起过去现在有更多的商品贸易，或好或坏要看从何视角来看了。

Argumentative Essay on Effects of Outsourcing in America

引言——Introduction

In today’s global business competitive environment, business organizations must innovative and adapt new strategies to sustain revenue generation, value while remaining competitive. Organizations have embraced outsourcing principles and adopted them to help in expanding to new markets (Odu 19). Outsourcing has enabled US multinational corporations to reduce costs and compete effectively in the global market. While the proliferation of outsourcing has been beneficial to short term growth by taking advantages of; low wages, taxes and investment incentives in developing countries, it will significantly dissolve the competitive advantages the United States enjoys. The outsourcing approach changes the historical model of economies of scale, the resulting intangible and hidden trade costs of outsourcing shall have a heavy bearing on the US economy. The competitive advantage of high technology, support for startups will be gradually eroded, enabling developing countries to compete directly with the United States.

Economist view outsourcing as new form of international trade. Currently more commodities are traded than it was in the past, this can be either good or bad from differing perspectives. Most Americans hold the assumption that jobs, skills, money, and experienced are being shipped to foreign countries, and recipient countries are making financial, socio-economic and development progress while the U.S economy stagnates (Currie 47). This view has been strongly expressed leading up to the last two presidential elections, with candidates pledging to bring back “jobs”.

Consumers have been accustomed and aware to the fact that significant proportions of manufactured goods are produced abroad by corporations taking advantage of low production costs. A new trend catching is outsourcing services with India taking a huge chunk of call centers catering for the American consumer.

The notable divisions which companies outsource are customer support, human resources, accounting and manufacturing. This has not been limited to these divisions, skilled personnel in Information Technology, engineering, pharmaceutical and Research and Development are facing greater threats to losing workers abroad. No American worker or politician is keen on promoting outsourcing. For example, a software engineer at an Information Technology firm can embrace the thought of losing his/her job to an engineer in India, willing to take half of the pay. There is the prediction that by 2015, more than 3.3 million white-collar jobs and wages amounting to over US$136 billion shall be lost in the economy. In addition the economy will be affected by worker dissatisfaction combined with risks occurring as a result of outsourcing (Hira and Anil 63).

The resolution to outsource is most arrived at the interest of lowering firm’s operational costs, increasing competency, making efficient use global capital, labor, scarce re