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摘要：美国留学生作业定制-实验动物，是道德上可以接受的？-Experimental animal, is it ethically acceptable?本文重点分析了实验动物伦理问题的话题。对于实验动物检测是否是道德上可以接受的，下面的部分将详细分析从以下几个方面是：在动物实验的现状，对实验动物和动物实验的解决方案路径不同人的不同态度。随着这些子问题的调查，本文作者认为，随着社会的发展，人类会找到新的方法来代替实验动物的利用或将有更多的人性化和科学的方法来治疗与实验动物。对比分析和个案的方法有两种本文的主要方法。

美国留学生作业定制Experimental animal, is it ethically acceptable?
1.0 Introduction
Animal has been used by human being for a long time. In the initial stage, animals are used as food, transportation, and then as companion and other tooling. Experimental animal can be traced back into the ancient Greece times’ medicine area. Aristotle and Hippocrate are the originator of introducing animals into the medicine studying and practical area (Noah Lewis. 2004). Experimental animal, since it is born into this world, is one of the controversial topics and goes along with opposition and supporting together. This paper is focused on analyzing the topic of the ethics issue of experimental animals. For detecting whether experimental animal is ethically acceptable, following part would analyze it from following detail aspects: the current situation of animal experiment, different people’s different attitudes toward experimental animal and solution paths of experimental animal. With these sub-questions’ investigation, the author of this paper believes along with the society’s development, human being would find new ways to replace the experimental animals’ utilization or there would be more humane and scientific ways to treat with experimental animals. Comparative analysis and case approach are two main methodology of this paper.
2.0 Main Body
2.1 Current situation of animal experiment
Just as mentioned in the introduction part, it is known that experimental animals originated into the ancient Greece and since then, it has developed in a slow pace and until 20th century’s coming, it was increased sharply since the development and advancement of biomedical discipline; while since 1980s, public awareness toward the experimental animals is advanced and what is more, more and more regions or countries issued the strict legislations on the utilization of animals, animals using comes into the decreasing trend. What pity is, since early 21st century, development of genetically modified line caused re-increasing of animals’ utilization. Just see the mice as one example, the number of utilized mice are increased more than 23% every year. Besides genetically modified industries, cosmetics, pharmaceutical, biology, and even some social scientific subjects are all used experimental animals in the modern world. Chart 1 would give one clear curve to describe the situation of utilized animals in 20th century.
Chart 1: Changing of experimental animals in 20th century

4.0 References
John P. Gluck， Jordan Bell. (2003). Ethical issues in the use of animals in biomedical and psychopharmocological research. Psychopharmacology. Volume 171, Number 1, P6-P12
KE Littin, DJ Mellor, B Warburton, CT Eason. (2004). Animal welfare and ethical issues relevant to the humane control of vertebrate pests. New Zealand Veterinary Journal. Vol.52, No.1, P1-P10
V Baumans. (2004). Use of animals in experimental research: an ethical dilemma? Gene Therapy . Vol.11, P64–P66
https://www.51lunwen.org/mgzuoye/Noah Lewis. (2004). Testing Cosmetics on Animals: An Idea Who's Time Has Gone. Retrieved on 27th Dec. 2010, From: https://leda.law.harvard.edu/leda/data/740/lewis05.html
J. Derrell Clark, Dawn R. Rager, Janet P. Calpin. (1997). Animal well-being. Laboratory animal science. Vol.47, No.6, P564-P571
Ernest D. Olfert, Animal Resources Centre. (1995). Defining an Acceptable Endpoint in Invasive Experiments. Animal Welfare Information本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。