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asbeen applied in discourse analysis frequently in the past thirty years. Halliday pointed out explicitly in his book Introduction to Functional Grammarthat the purpose of constructing fiinctional grammar was to provide a theoreticalframework for discourse analysis. From his point of view, ideology is hidden inlanguage use and through discourse analysis we can find out how and why the discoursemeans what it does. Many linguists and researchers in foreign countries have tried toanalyze different types of discourse especially literary texts with the theory oftransitivity.M.A.K. Halliday, the world-renowned linguists who proposed transitivity system，in 1971，carried out a transitivity analysis of the fiction The Inheritors written by Britishnovelist William Golding. This is the earliest and most influential transitivity analysis ofliterary texts in linguistic study. The Inheritors narrates a story of a new tribe's invasionand occupation of the primitive tribe named Neanderthal. He found out that in thedescription of the primitive tribe，intransitive verbs are often used and every materialprocess has only one participant involved, that is, the "Actor"; while in the descriptionof the new tribe which represents advanced civilization，transitive verbs are often usedand every material processe has two participants involved，that is，the "Actor" and the“Goal”. Through the transitivity analysis of three passages selected from each section ofthe novel, conclusion could be reached that the author tried to convey the idea throughthe transitivity system in the book that the primitive tribe is doomed to be replaced bythe new tribe due to its limitation of understanding the objective world and the lack ofmobility，and the shift in world outlook and mind style of the two tribes expressed in thenovel is the result of the different choices in types of process that the author made intransitivity system. Halliday considers the transitivity system as a useful tool to revealthe personality of the characters and the theme of literary works.
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2.2 Studies on Transitivity Analysis of News Discourse
Transitivity system has not only been widely applied to stylistic analysis and theanalysis of literary works, but also to the analysis of news discourse. There are somepioneering researchers who have made such researches on transitivity analysis of newsreports which provide this thesis with abundant References.Ren Zhiping& LiZhaohui (2009) analyzed the Chinese sports news and concludedthe distribution characteristics of process types of transitivity system in sports newsreports. And Wang Xiaoyan (2008) made a similar transitivity analysis of Chineseeconomics news reports. Liang Ting (2010) analyzed news reports in the news mediaChina Daily and summarized the regular features in the distribution of the process typesin news discourse. Researches like these all analyzed different types of process and therelated participants involved in the transitivity system and they all reached a conclusionthat some features are apparent in specific discourses in transitivity dimension.Ren Ling& Li Yiting (2010) made an analysis of hard news from China andAmerica from the perspective of transitivity theory. The purpose of the research is toprovide a reference to understand the organization and structure of hard news and helpto raise the students' critical awareness in English teaching.
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