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美国留学论文-如何正确认识和对待种族歧视 [7]

论文作者:www.51lunwen.org论文属性:硕士毕业论文 dissertation登出时间:2014-07-21编辑:felicia点击率:34077

论文字数:16157论文编号:org201407201653132260语种:英语 English地区:中国价格:免费论文

关键词:奴隶制全球化slavery种族歧视human historyAdventures of Huckleberry Finnnegative feelings

摘要:本文是一篇美国留学论文。奴隶制度在历史上被认为普遍存在的,现在人们提起奴隶制度,就会想起消极、暴力、酷刑、绑架、谋杀、自卑、惩罚以及人类心灵和精神的故意破坏。本文以马克·吐温的《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》,分析了种族歧视的历史和概念,进一步分析该如何正确认识和对待种族歧视。

ways of showing one's hate towards other race, unlike today where many people express their hate via the Internet. On the contrary, it was impossible to show sympathy towards a slave e.g., the runway slave Jim who has abused the system and has sinned against the owner Miss Watson, arises the question to Huck whether he deserves his freedom.


Additionally The psychologists Bhattacharya, Cross, Bhugra (2010:41) also give the classification racism based on the analysis of human behavior under certain circumstances, namely, being exposed to people of other ethnicities in our global world. The author of the BA thesis will highlight the types which can be found in the following works ‘The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn' and ‘A True Story, Repeated for Word, as I heard It' dominative when a person acts out; aversive when a person feels superior , but is unable to act; regressive when a person'sdue to his or her view on racism behaves regressively; pre-reflecting when a person has fear of strangers; post reflecting when a person justifies his fear of strangers;


The study on racism shows that it involves biased judgments on humans and their action e.g., racist determines what is good, correct, beautiful, sane, normal. Nevertheless, the historians and other experts of this field (Fredercikson, 2002), (Reilly, Kaufman, Bodino: 2003), (Carol: 1987) agree upon the view that racism and the same slavery is seen as ideology, as practice as social structure. Whereas, Mark Twain's writings reflect on slavery as doctrine, practice and social cornerstone of the America South in antebellum society that has brought so much injustice and pain, as well.The next subchapter will explore the ideology of racism.


1.2 IDEOLOGY OF RACISM

The chapter gives an insight into the ideology of racism as it is an important matter discussed, portrayed in history books and literature. Ideology is a body of beliefs that drives the goals and expectations of an individual or a group. According to Martin N. Marger (2006) “As a belief system, or ideology, racism is structured around three basic ideas:

Humans are divided naturally into different physical types.


Such physical traits as people display are intrinsically related to their culture, personality, and intelligence.


The differences among groups are innate, not subject to change, and in the basis of their genetic inheritance, some groups are innately superior to others” (Marger 2006:19).


Thus, racism is a belief that people are divided into hereditary groups that are different in their social behaviour. Racist thinking states that differences among groups are innate.


Carol Brunson argues that “the ideology of racism prescribes the parameters for perceiving social reality thereby defining guidelines for “desirable” interracial behaviour. Once the members of society are imbued with racist thinking, they will not only perceive their institutions as natural, they will voluntarily carry out institutional mandates as of they are a function of their own individual choice” (Carol Brunson, 1987:17).


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