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e “ a turning point in history” [2] . According to Blair's statement, while the “causes of terror” should be understood there could be no justification for September 11. The response has to be “proportionate” and “targeted”. The sleeping giants of western democratic states participated in this “war” and suddenly they were awakened to the repressive and torturing “terrorist groups”. After the attacks of 11 September 2001, many Western countries tried to cope with a complex and highly dynamic threat, an international debate ensued on how to confront and counteract this latest manifestation of terrorism, this situation had as a result an evolution of counter-terrorism policy in Europe. The western countries have accepted the general principle that the combating of a global threat demands a multinational response and a coordinated deployment of political, diplomatic, legal, law enforcement, and military means ( D. Zimmermann and A. Wenger, 2007, page 12).

In fact, the current transatlantic divergence of counter terrorism policies has its origins in the political terrorism of the 1970s and 1980s. The experience of domestic terrorism prompted European governments to “criminalize” political violence movements and deny them any political status. During the twentieth century, counter terrorism policy was divided between states that were exposed to national and cross–border terrorism and states that were exposed neither to domestic terrorism nor to direct threats or acts of cross-border terrorism but the shock of 11 September 2001definately narrowed this gap ( D. Zimmermann and A. Wenger, 2007, page 12).

Research question and hypothesis

It has been created a new counter terrorism “policy making map” where the international community joined its efforts in order to combat terrorism , I would rather say to combat Islamic extremism. Taking all these things into consideration and trying to understand the new “status quo” in global security, I will research the discourses in proscribing “terrorist groups”. My research will be developed through a comparative analysis of European and Middle Eastern proscribing strategies. By using the European examples of IRA (United kingdom) and ETA (Spain) and the Middle- Eastern example of Hamas (Palestine), I will examine the discourses of proscription of these groups. The selection is not random,it has been made after careful deliberation, all of my examples “share” similarities and differences of course which could lead us into the conclusion that there is no a new counter-terrorism policy to “fight” terrorism, but there is just an evolution on the existing counter terrorism policy.

The British case is of particular importance because it analyses the reaction of a country that has dealt with domestic political violence for decades and that became a direct target of international terrorism in the aftermath of the US and British -led military action in Middle East. The Spanish case, by contrast, shows a country that has its share of domestic political violence. Euskadi Ta Askatasuna or ETA ( Basque homeland and freedom) is an armed nationalist ans separatist organization. The Basque national本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。