英语论文网

留学生硕士论文 英国论文 日语论文 澳洲论文 Turnitin剽窃检测 英语论文发表 留学中国 欧美文学特区 论文寄售中心 论文翻译中心 我要定制

Bussiness ManagementMBAstrategyHuman ResourceMarketingHospitalityE-commerceInternational Tradingproject managementmedia managementLogisticsFinanceAccountingadvertisingLawBusiness LawEducationEconomicsBusiness Reportbusiness planresearch proposal

英语论文题目英语教学英语论文商务英语英语论文格式商务英语翻译广告英语商务英语商务英语教学英语翻译论文英美文学英语语言学文化交流中西方文化差异英语论文范文英语论文开题报告初中英语教学英语论文文献综述英语论文参考文献

ResumeRecommendation LetterMotivation LetterPSapplication letterMBA essayBusiness Letteradmission letter Offer letter

澳大利亚论文英国论文加拿大论文芬兰论文瑞典论文澳洲论文新西兰论文法国论文香港论文挪威论文美国论文泰国论文马来西亚论文台湾论文新加坡论文荷兰论文南非论文西班牙论文爱尔兰论文

小学英语教学初中英语教学英语语法高中英语教学大学英语教学听力口语英语阅读英语词汇学英语素质教育英语教育毕业英语教学法

英语论文开题报告英语毕业论文写作指导英语论文写作笔记handbook英语论文提纲英语论文参考文献英语论文文献综述Research Proposal代写留学论文代写留学作业代写Essay论文英语摘要英语论文任务书英语论文格式专业名词turnitin抄袭检查

temcet听力雅思考试托福考试GMATGRE职称英语理工卫生职称英语综合职称英语职称英语

经贸英语论文题目旅游英语论文题目大学英语论文题目中学英语论文题目小学英语论文题目英语文学论文题目英语教学论文题目英语语言学论文题目委婉语论文题目商务英语论文题目最新英语论文题目英语翻译论文题目英语跨文化论文题目

日本文学日本语言学商务日语日本历史日本经济怎样写日语论文日语论文写作格式日语教学日本社会文化日语开题报告日语论文选题

职称英语理工完形填空历年试题模拟试题补全短文概括大意词汇指导阅读理解例题习题卫生职称英语词汇指导完形填空概括大意历年试题阅读理解补全短文模拟试题例题习题综合职称英语完形填空历年试题模拟试题例题习题词汇指导阅读理解补全短文概括大意

商务英语翻译论文广告英语商务英语商务英语教学

无忧论文网

联系方式

Poverty, human rights and citizenship

论文作者:留学生论文论文属性:学期论文 termpaper登出时间:2010-11-27编辑:anterran点击率:12554

论文字数:6754论文编号:org201011271139316561语种:英语 English地区:中国价格:免费论文

附件:20101127113931701.doc

关键词:Povertyhuman rightscitizenship

Chapter 7: Poverty, human rights and citizenship

‘Poverty is the principal cause of human rights violations in the world.  It also prevents people from assuming not only their duties as individuals, but also their collective duties as citizens, parents, workers and electors’ (OHCHR, 1999: para. 9). 

‘The World Conference on Human Rights affirms that extreme poverty and social exclusion constitute a violation of human dignity’ (UN General Assembly, 1993: para. 25). 

‘Poverty is increasingly seen to be a denial of fundamental rights.  This is how those affected experience it themselves…The worse-off individuals and families are, the more of all their civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights they lose.   These situations clearly show how indivisible and interdependent rights are in daily life’ (EAPN, 1999: 3).

‘The human rights frameworks contributes to the achievement of the objective of enabling all people to be active citizens with rights, expectations and responsibilities’ (DfID, 2000c: 1).

‘Poor people lack voice and power’ (Narayan et al., 2000: 265).

‘No-one asks our views…But we are the real experts of our own hopes and aspirations…We can contribute if you are prepared to give up a little power to allow us to participate as partners in our own future, and in the future of the country’ (Moraene Roberts, National Poverty Hearing [Russell, 1996: 4]).
 
The nexus of (the lack of) human rights, citizenship, voice and power, illustrated by these quotations, represents the subject of this chapter.  An understanding of poverty in these terms is located firmly at the relational/symbolic rim of the poverty wheel.  Such an understanding provides a ‘pro-poor’ perspective on relations between ‘the poor’ and the wider society and political structures.  While the implications can be very concrete, there is also a symbolic resonance that is significant for the conceptualization and politics of poverty.  So, for example, a rights discourse may lay claim to concrete legal entitlements; but even in the absence of such entitlements it can generate a symbolic rhetorical force that appeals to the imagination.  An example is President Lula’s cry that impoverished young people in Brazil ‘are losing the right to dream’ (da Silva, 2003). 

From the UN and the World Bank to anti-poverty campaigns, such as the US Poor People’s Economic Human Rights Campaign and the European Anti Poverty Network (EAPN), the use of elements of this vocabulary – of rights, voice and power - constitutes an alternative poverty discourse to that discussed in Chapter 5.  While these various actors do not always subscribe to a common interpretation of such terms, anti-poverty campaigners are deploying them in a political discourse that serves to link their struggles to wider concerns about human rights, citizenship and democracy.  The chapter explores the ways in which our understanding of poverty can be enlarged when it is conceptualized in terms of diminished human rights and citizenship, lack of voice and powerlessness.
Human Rights
 The equation of extreme poverty with a denial of human rights was formally affirmed in the 1993 UN Vienna Declaration on Human Rights.  Important influences on UN thinking have been the work of Sen and the 1987 Wresinski Report, adopted by the French Economic and Social Council.&nb论文英语论文网提供整理,提供论文代写英语论文代写代写论文代写英语论文代写留学生论文代写英文论文留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。

共 1/3 页首页上一页123下一页尾页

英国英国 澳大利亚澳大利亚 美国美国 加拿大加拿大 新西兰新西兰 新加坡新加坡 香港香港 日本日本 韩国韩国 法国法国 德国德国 爱尔兰爱尔兰 瑞士瑞士 荷兰荷兰 俄罗斯俄罗斯 西班牙西班牙 马来西亚马来西亚 南非南非