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伊斯兰社会负面刻板印象分析的social study

论文作者:www.51lunwen.org论文属性:学术文章 Scholarship Essay登出时间:2015-02-16编辑:Cinderella点击率:8556

论文字数:3490论文编号:org201502031745256670语种:英语 English地区:美国价格:免费论文

关键词:Islamthe West刻板印象

摘要:伊斯兰国家传统意义上被人们认为暴力、怪异、下等,西方世界的敌对者。本文研究了西方社会对伊斯兰国家的刻板印象,并分析了这种现象出现的深层缘由。

伊斯兰国家传统意义上被人们认为暴力、怪异、下等,西方世界的敌对者。伊斯兰国家和西方世界间的紧张局面源自二者政治、文化和宗教上的大量不同。更具体的说,是经济差距、不平等、现代化、全球化和世俗主义(以及对其的抵抗)造成了这些不同。

 

由于帝国主义、现代化、全球化和殖民主义,在这个时代西方世界的权力达到了峰值。为了抵抗这种趋势,保存自身文化和身份的努力,最终导致了伊斯兰国家的基要主义。冷战和阿富汗战争䈵伊斯兰国家寻求身份地位有显著效果,也因此,一些穆斯林组织采取的行动让人们认为伊斯兰的身份特征和暴力紧密联系在一起。他们的行为以及人们对其的理解,很大程度上影响了西方社会和伊斯兰国家对彼此的看法。

 

误解、缺乏理解、偏见和刻板印象导致了西方社会与伊斯兰国家之间的认知差异,尤其是文化、宗教和政治方面。近期发生的事件,比如911恐怖袭击似乎再度加强了西方世界对伊斯兰国家既有的负面刻板印象。

 

Islam has traditionally been depicted as violent, different, inferior and an enemy to the West. Tension between the West and Islam arises from substantial differences in politics, and cultural and religious differences. More specifically economic disparity, inequality, modernism, globalism and secularism (and resistance to it) underlie these vast differences.

 

This era is characterised by the West’s peak power due to imperialism, modernisation, globalisation, and colonialism. Resistance to such trends in an attempt to maintain culture and identity has resulted in the rise of fundamentalism in the East (Islam). The Cold War period and the Afghanistan war had a telling effect on how Islam sought for identity, and thus the actions taken by some Muslim groups has resulted in the idea that Islam’s identity is associated with violence. The ways in which both are portrayed as a result of their actions and subsequently the way they are perceived largely affect how Western society and Islam see each other today.

 

Misrepresentation, a lack of understanding, bias and stereotyping has contributed to the perception of difference between the West and Islam; particularly cultural, religious and political. Recent events, such as the September 11 attacks and terrorist activity seem to reinforce the negative stereotypes that the West already seems to hold of Islam.

 

It is essential to establish what role(s) the East and West had in relation to each other’s identity. Understanding how the East ‘helped’ the West form its identity (by means of comparison/discourse), and the basis upon which the Western world has formed Eastern identity will help to establish how different these two cultures are, and their identities.

 

Examining concepts such as Said’s ‘Orientalism’ (1978), Barber’s ‘Jihad v McWorld’ (2001), Huntington’s ‘Clash of Civilisations’ (1996), Hall’s ‘West and the Rest’ (1992), and Malik’s ‘Cultural Wars’ (1996) emphasise differences between the two cultures lie, and how they have manifested.

 

Edward Said’s concept of ‘Orientalism’ theorises that the ‘Occident’ (West) imperialistically and ethnocentrically define their identity as well as that of论文英语论文网提供整理,提供论文代写英语论文代写代写论文代写英语论文代写留学生论文代写英文论文留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。

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