sociology Literature Review作业范例
论文作者:www.51lunwen.org论文属性:文献综述 Literature Review登出时间:2015-06-25编辑:xiaoni2000点击率:10022
论文字数:4586论文编号:org201506250926445419语种:英语 English地区:英国价格:免费论文
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摘要:本文是一篇英国留学生literature review作业,主要对关于社会资源和慈善的关系研究的文献进行评述。
Literature Review范例
本问将主要论述社会资本概念的主要特征,包括它的形式,类型和特点,以及它们如何影响慈善事业的形成与发展。本研究将继续评估作用,PR,并在特定的社交网站进行调查,研究在培育社会资本和利益相关者在这个过程中发挥的作用。这种探索的重点分1.3节介绍部分着手实现目标1和2研究项目。第三目的可以通过初步研究,将收集和分析的经验数据,而目标4,最终目标,将发展的结果,发现目标的1,2,3。
通过有意义的讨论和分析方面的文献所述一个结构化的方法,可以批判地理解社会资本的存在和他们的利益相关者之间的慈善机构在社交网站的出现。在这节主要是希望读者将更好地了解这些地区的结束,理解的关键问题,对实证研究的重点明确,为什么需要做这个工作。
This Literature Review will identify the main features of the social capital concept, including its forms, types and features, and how these affect the formation and development of charities. The study will then go on to assess the role PR, and in particular SNSs, have in cultivating social capital and the role stakeholders play in this process. This exploration focuses on fulfilling Objectives 1 and 2 of this research project as set out in sub-section 1.3 of the introductory chapter. The third objective will be met through primary research which will collect and analysis empirical data, while Objective 4, the final objective, will develop as a result of the findings from Objectives 1, 2, 3.
By meaningfully discussing and analysing the areas of the literature outlined above in a structured way, a critical understanding of the social capital that exists between charities and their stakeholders in SNSs will emerge. At the end of this major section it is hoped that the reader will be better informed in these areas, understand the key issues present and be clear about the focus for the empirical research, and why this work is needed.
Social capital and charity
With scholars in fields as diverse as economics, history, politics, education, management and even public relations (PR) exploring social capital, it is not surprising to find that they cannot agree on a universally accepted definition suitable for the many applications of the concept (Dovey and Onyx, 2001). However, despite this diversity, two distinct groups of thinkers have emerged, those scholars inspired by the work of Pierre Bourdieu (1986, 1991, 1992) and those influenced by Robert Putman( 1996, 2000).
For Bourdieu (1991) a person's position in society is determined by the amount of power they hold, which is in turn determined by the types and amounts of capital they possess. He sees people as focussed on fighting to increase the amounts of capital they have, and in turn power, to better their position. Social capital is one of the types of capital that individuals struggle to attain and is described as 'the aggregate of the actual or potential resources which are linked to the possession of a durable network of more or less institutionalised relationships of mutual acquaintance and recognition' (Bourdieu,1986,p.248-249). By acquiring connections and membership to groups, or social networks, individuals can further their own interests; whether this be obtaining power or attaining others types of capital that will in turn help them develop power. In this concept the value and focus of relationships between people is to pursue self interest (Bourdieu 1986).
Critics of Bourdieu's thinking have highlighted that this theory gives privilege to individuals who are a本论文由英语论文网提供整理,提供论文代写,英语论文代写,代写论文,代写英语论文,代写留学生论文,代写英文论文,留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。